Perlaggen

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Perlaggen (regionally also Perlåggen ) is a traditional card game that is mainly played in South Tyrol , the Tyrolean Oberland and in the Innsbruck area .

Emergence

The origin of this card game lies in the South Tyrolean Etsch and Eisack valleys . The beginnings of Perlaggen can be traced back to the 19th century. This game is already reported in the oldest Perlagger booklet from 1853. At the first Perlagger Congress, which met on April 19, 1890 in Innsbruck , the inventors, as well as the location and the year of the invention were determined. The lawyers Alois von Perkhammer and Josef Pfonzelter and the forest officials Ferdinand Gile and Johann Sarer were set as inventors, the Bolzano inn “Zum Pfau” as the place of origin and 1833 as the year of the invention. The rules of the game were also laid down at this congress, but they were not always strictly adhered to or were changed in most places.

Naming

Originally, the preferred cards did not have a name. The term Perlagg did not appear until a few years later, in the area around Salurn . In this area the devil is called “Berlicche”. Similar to the devil, the Perlagg can also appear in any possible and currently suitable card shape.

Course of the game

The game is played with the well-known German hand with 33 cards, i.e. with the Weli. The game can be played by two, four or six people, usually four, two against two. The partners sit across from each other, with each player receiving five cards. But there is also a variant that is only played in pairs with seven cards.

The game has four colors:

Acorn leaves heart Schell
Bay acorn.svg Bay gras.svg Bay Herz.svg Bay schellen.svg

The rank of the colors among each other is the same. Each color counts eight hands according to the known order of precedence: Ace , King , Upper , Under , Tens, Nine, Eight, Sevens; in addition there is the weli . At the start of the game, the player who withdrew the highest card declares. Before spending, he has to let his neighbor on the right (from the other party) withdraw. If the person authorized to take off takes one off the Perlaggen, he can keep it. If there is still one under the lifted Perlagg, this also belongs to the lift, as does a third and fourth. It is therefore possible that the lifter lifts out all four permanent perlaggen. The withdrawer is obliged to show the lifted Perlaggen to all players. If he has fulfilled this obligation, he no longer needs to tell anyone what he has withdrawn during the game. After the withdrawal, the cards are dealt to the left. Each player receives five cards, two the first time and three the second time. The giver has to pay attention to whether and how many pearls the lifter has lifted out; if he has picked one, he receives only one card the first time; he picked out two, none at all; he picked out three, the first time none at all, the second time two; if there are four raised pearls, the first time none and the second one.

If the giver makes a mistake and gives z. If, for example, the lifter has two cards for the first time, although he has lifted a perlaggen, the opponents can demand that it be shuffled and dealt again. In this case, the person sitting on the right of the dealer has the advantage of being able to take off a second time. He is also allowed to keep the pearls, which he only takes off the second time.

If the dealer has dealt the cards correctly, so that each of the four players has five cards in hand, he serves up the next card, i.e. the twenty-first, as a trump, i.e. the suit he serves is the trump suit and trumps the Cards of the other three suits. So there are 21 cards in play. Twelve remain face down on the table. The dealer is obliged to show all players the top and bottom cards (Luck and Boden) once. After that these cards may no longer be looked at by any player. Of the trump suit, three cards, namely the sevens, the lower and the upper, have the rank of perlag and are therefore called trump perlag. These three trump pearls have the same properties as the four permanent pearls. However, they are lower in rank than the four permanent Perlaggen. The order of precedence among them is seventh , lower , upper .

The four permanent pearls

Among the 33 cards that are used to peg are four so-called permanent perlag. These four cards are superior to all others in that, firstly, they cut all the other cards and, secondly, they can be changed into another card, i.e. baptized. Of course, this card can only be used once. So these cards are:

  • King of Hearts is the highest stitch card and is called Maxl after King Maximilian I of Bavaria.
  • Weli the written Weli (second highest card)
  • Schellen 7, the small Weli or Schellspitz (third highest card)
  • Eichel 7, Eichelspitz (fourth highest card)

If the dealer has served a seven, under or over, i.e. a trump card, and if he has another trump in his five cards, he has the right to exchange the served trump card for the trump in his hand . If one of the four permanent pearls is opened, then the color to which it belongs is trump, i.e. in the case of the king of hearts, etc., and it can also be exchanged for a card of the same color. The weli is considered a bell. If the dealer has no trump card, i.e. he cannot exchange, the right to exchange is transferred to his partner. If he has no trump either, the Perlagg remains. Under no circumstances may the other party exchange it. Once the card has been played and the first card added or punched, the party entitled to exchange has lost the right to exchange. The other party must therefore not anticipate the exchange by ejecting it. If the party entitled to exchange forgets or overlooks the exchange, this is their own fault, from which they only have the damage. It is very important for the other party to remember who has traded and what kind of perlagg has been traded. Once the game has started, you are no longer obliged to say what has been exchanged and who has exchanged. So when the game has been spent and exchanged, the game can begin.

Interpret

A special feature of perlagging is interpreting . The partners are allowed to communicate with each other by giving signs (pointing) about their cards. You can show each other the number and rank of the trumps and trumps, but you can also ask them directly. As a rule, however, it is interpreted. Showing cards is not allowed.

characters

In Perlaggen there are three figures: the same , the hanger and the game , the Perlaggen revolves around these three figures.

Equal: Two or more cards of the same rank are called equal, e.g. B. two tens, three kings, etc. Two aces are called an “equal highest” or “highest equal”. Two cards of the same rank count as “simple equal”, three as “three equal”, four as “fourth” and five as “fifth”. If this multiple equation consists of aces, one speaks of a "most three", "most four" etc.

Hanger: The hanger consists of two or more cards of the same suit that follow one another in their ranking, e.g. E.g. acorn-ten, acorn-under, acorn-upper, acorn-king, etc. The hanger is called "highest" if it consists of the highest cards, king and ace, of the same suit.

Game: Since each player has five cards, one side will take three or more tricks, but the other only two or fewer tricks. The party that takes three tricks has the game and scores one or more credit points, depending on whether the opponents left the game well or kept it. You often leave the game to the opposing party, ie you give it to you so you don't have to put down your own cards, which could be important in the game for the two other pieces, tie and hang, and thereby have to give away your cards.

Trump - color

Trump trumps all colors. Color must be known under all circumstances, even if the color of the lead was trumped by someone in between with a trump or a perlagg. All pearls are independent cards and count as neither suit nor trump. If a Perlagg is played or put down in the course of the game, it must be christened immediately by its owner, ie it must be specified which card it is to be used as. If the Perlagg owner does not name the card, the Perlagg becomes a simple card. Once a Perlagg has been baptized, it must not be renamed under any circumstances. With the Perlaggen you do not need to confess your trump card or your color, because in a sense they do not belong to any particular color.

The offer

The bidding in perlagging is done with the words: “I bid my match!”, “I'm bidding the game!” Or “Bid now!” Etc. It is important to ensure that the player who bids really uses the words “I offer… ”or“… commanded! ”used. For example, if he only says “Same!” Or “Play!”, He has not yet bid according to the rules of the game. If something has been offered, the other party must answer it immediately.

The two players who form a party together are partners and are seen as a single person towards the opponents. So one is responsible for the other and both are jointly liable.

The game goes over 18 points. The pair of players who reach 18 points first wins the game.

various

Since 2004 there has been a “Perlaggen Support Group” in South Tyrol, which organizes a “Perlaggen Championship” every year. In 2015 the “6. Overall Tyrolean Championship in Perlaggen ”, which was also attended by North Tyrolean Perlaggen players.

The traditional Tyrolean card game was declared an intangible cultural heritage by the Austrian Commission for UNESCO in June 2016 . At the same time, a showcase that is currently dedicated to Perlaggen is on display in the Tyrolean Folk Art Museum in Innsbruck.

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