Perryena leucometopon

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Perryena leucometopon
Systematics
Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Order : Perch-like (Perciformes)
Subordination : Scorpionfish relatives (Scorpaenoidei)
Family : Perryenidae
Genre : Perryena
Type : Perryena leucometopon
Scientific name of the  family
Perryenidae
Honma , Imamura & Kawai , 2013
Scientific name of the  genus
Perryena
Whitley , 1940
Scientific name of the  species
Perryena leucometopon
( Waite , 1922)

Perryena leucometopon is a little known and researched marine fish from the order of the perch-like (Perciformes) and occurs exclusively on the south coast of Australia.

features

Perryena leucometopon becomes 16 cm long and has a scaly, laterally flattened body, a long snout and a small, terminal mouth. There are two nostrils on each side of the head. The skin has a grainy structure and vertical folds on the sides of the body. The gill slits are small, the gill membranes separated from the isthmus . The gill cover is provided with two spines, the gill cover has three, which are directed backwards. The dorsal fin is long and extends from the back of the head to the tail fin stalk. It is supported by 14 or 15 fin spines and ten or nine branched soft rays. The anal fin has three spines and six or seven branched soft rays. As in related families, the spines of the dorsal and anal fins are grooved and provided with poison glands, which, if injured, can cause considerable pain in humans for about 20 minutes. The pectoral fins have eleven to twelve rays , the top one is unbranched, the rest are branched. None of the lower ones are free. The pelvic fins have a fin spine and five branched fin rays. The caudal fin has a total of 20 or 21 fin rays, the upper half three minor fin rays, one or two unbranched and 5 or 6 branched major fin rays, the lower half three or four minor fin rays, one or two unbranched and 5 or 6 branched major fin rays.

A dark band extends from the first two spines of the dorsal fin through the eyes to the mouth. The parietal bone is separated from the frontal bone and supraoccipital, the narrow, anterior section of the supraoccipital separates the paired frontal bone. The wing bone has a ridge. The anguloarticular, a lower jaw bone, is convex. Perryena leucometopon has eleven vertebrae in the abdomen and 17 in the caudal area. The abdomen and caudal vertebrae have dorsal and neural and spinous processes, the caudal vertebrae have additional hemal arches and downwardly directed spines. The spinous processes of the first two abdominal vertebrae are directed forward.

Habitat and way of life

Systematic position of the Perryenidae according to Honma, Imamura & Kawai 2013:


 Wasp fish (Apistidae)


   

 Perryenidae


   

 Forehead fins (Tetrarogidae)


   

 Stonefish (Synanceiidae)


   

 Velvet fish (Aploactinidae)


   

 Pigfish (Congiopodidae)


   

 Red velvet fish  (Gnathanacanthidae)


   

 Indian fish (Pataecidae)









Template: Klade / Maintenance / Style

Perryena leucometopon is endemic to the south coast of Australia in rocky reefs in shallow water. The distribution area extends from the Saint Vincent Gulf , the arm of the sea on which the South Australian metropolis Adelaide is located, to Port Denison in Western Australia . It moves only a little and only slowly and probably uses its long snout to look for invertebrate prey such as crabs, worms or mussels in crevices in the rock.

Systematics

Perryena leucometopon was described in 1922 by the Australian ichthyologist Gilbert Percy Whitley as Congiopodus leucometopon and assigned to the monotypic genus Perryena in 1940 by Gilbert Percy Whitley . Both presented Perryena leucometopon into the family of hogfish (Congiopodidae), followed by an assignment of, other authors. In 2008, two Japanese ichthyologists noticed a similarity between the species and the forehead fins (Tetrarogidae) and in 2013 the monotypical family Perryenidae was established for Perryena leucometopon .

Perryena leucometopon is closely related to the stone fish (Synanceiidae). A characteristic that it shares with the stone fish is a saber-shaped, defensive outgrowth of the lacrimale , the tear- saber . Smith, Everman and Richardson therefore propose that the family Perryenidae be downgraded and assigned to the stone fish as a subfamily.

literature

  • Y. Honma, H. Imamura, T. Kawai: Anatomical description of the genus Perryena, and proposal to erect a new family for it based on its phylogenetic relationships with related taxa (Scorpaeniformes). In: Ichthyological Research. 2013, doi: 10.1007 / s10228-012-0321-z .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Nozomi Ishii, Hisashi Imamura: Phylogeny of the family Congiopodidae (Perciformes: Scorpaenoidea), with a proposal of new classification. In: Ichthyological Research. Vol. 55, No. 2, May 2008, doi: 10.1007 / s10228-007-0014-1 .
  2. ^ WL Smith, E. Everman, C. Richardson: Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Flatheads, Scorpionfishes, Sea Robins, and Stonefishes (Percomorpha: Scorpaeniformes) and the Evolution of the Lachrymal Saber. In: Copeia . Volume 106, No. 1, 2018, pp. 94-119. doi: 10.1643 / CG-17-669 .

Web links