Pestalozzi School Heilbronn Special School
| Pestalozzi School Heilbronn Special School | |
|---|---|
| type of school | Special education and advice center with a special focus on learning |
| founding | 1910 |
| place | Heilbronn |
| country | Baden-Württemberg |
| Country | Germany |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 8 ′ 41 " N , 9 ° 13 ′ 30" E |
| carrier | City of Heilbronn |
| Website | www.pestalozzischule-heilbronn.de |
The Pestalozzi School in Heilbronn is a special education and advice center with a focus on learning in Heilbronn . The school, which has existed since 1910 and named after Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi since 1936 , was the first special needs school in Heilbronn. The current building at Geschwister-Scholl-Strasse 8 was completed on June 30, 1950.
The school sponsor is the city of Heilbronn, which, in addition to the Pestalozzi School, is also the sponsor for the Neckartal School, the Paul Meyle School with a focus on mental development and physical and motor development, and the Brothers Grimm School with a focus on language. 19 teachers supervise and teach 145 students, whereby a class has an average of 12 to 15, sometimes only seven students. The majority of the students come from socially disadvantaged or intact families. Half of the children have a migration background.
The former Rector Wilhelm Hofmann became known as a pioneer of modern special education and gave its name to the Wilhelm Hofmann School , which emerged from the Böckingen branch of the Pestalozzi School and which was renamed Neckartal School in 2011 after the coming to terms with Hofmann's Nazi past .
School history
In May 1910, an auxiliary school class for 25 mentally ill, speech impaired and epileptic people was set up in Heilbronn's Karlsvolksschule on the corner of Allee and Karlstraße. The first teacher in this class was Albert Braun (1860–1948), who had no auxiliary school teacher training. In 1912, with the formation of a second class, the upper and lower grades were separated; in 1914 and 1920, a third and a fourth class were formed, each with new teachers. In 1929, Wilhelm Hofmann (1901–1985) became the first fully trained auxiliary school teacher. Hofmann has given numerous lectures on special education, but was also an avowed National Socialist. After adding two classes to the Böckinger Aid School, the Heilbronn Aid School became independent in 1936 and named after Pestalozzi . Hofmann became the first principal of the school.
The school building was destroyed in the air raid on December 4, 1944 . When classes started again in autumn 1945, the auxiliary students were initially assigned to the normal primary school classes. In 1947, auxiliary school operations were resumed in temporary rooms in the Heilbronner Hauptpost with 51 students and in the Böckinger Weststrasse School with 31 students. In 1949 the auxiliary school was expanded to eight classes again and Albert Stellrecht (* 1883), who had been an auxiliary school teacher in Heilbronn since 1920, was appointed rector. In 1949 the auxiliary school moved into rooms in the dam school . In 1950, branch classes for lower school students from the Heilbronn districts of Sontheim and Neckargartach were added, while the middle and upper school students from these districts were taught in the Dammschule.
On June 30, 1950, the current Pestalozzi School building was inaugurated on Gartenstrasse, and the following year the classes moved from the Dammschule to the new building. Rector Stellrecht retired in 1951 at the age of 68. He was succeeded again as Rector by Wilhelm Hofmann, who, following an appeal procedure, was no longer classified as the main culprit, but only as a follower . However, Hofmann was soon entrusted with the management of the state auxiliary school teacher seminar in Stuttgart, so that the business of the school was managed by Wilfried Volker (* 1915), before Wilhelm Brix (* 1898) became rector in 1958. After Brix retired in 1961, Volker became rector. He was followed in 1980 by Rudolf Kühner (* 1925).
After the new regulation of the School Administration Act of 1964, the auxiliary school became a special school for the learning disabled . In 1965, it reached a peak with 353 students. As a result, the previous branches in Böckingen and Neckargartach became independent special schools in 1966, which reduced the number of students at the Pestalozzi School to 231. In 1976 the Pestalozzi School moved into an extension with a physics room, school kitchen and gymnastics room.
The special school in Heilbronn-Böckingen, spun off in 1966, had already moved into a pavilion on the grounds of the Grünewald School in 1963 . After becoming self-employed, it was initially called the Wilhelm Hofmann School . The Neckargartach branch has always been in the Leinbach School. In 1998 both schools were merged. After Hofmann had come to terms with the Nazi past, the name of the unified school was changed to Neckartalschule in 2011 .
The branch in Sontheim was located on the upper floor of the Catholic kindergarten from 1950 to 1971 and moved a total of seven times over the next 13 years, first to the old school building on the building in Deutschhof , which was vacated by the construction of the Sontheim primary school , then the lower classes in the Staufenberg School and the upper classes in the old Sontheimer Rathaus , then the lower classes in the Catholic parish hall, then in 1977 all classes in the old wine press in the Deutschhof, in 1979 back in the Staufenberg school, when it was renovated in 1983 again in the old wine press and the adjoining building On the building site and finally back to the Staufenberg School in 1984.
Architecture and buildings
description
The building of the Pestalozzischule is quite the baroque- home style of the Stuttgart Schmitthenner built -Schule 50s. A three- story plastered building with a hipped roof is dominated by the corner entrance. The corner entrance is made of red sandstone with a rustication and a humpback cuboid, above which there is a large glazed window with a protruding, wide bay window . The rustication is an element of the Renaissance or Baroque, which is used here as a baroque element of a conservatively oriented modernism. Above the main entrance there is a head made of artificial stone as a keystone, which is supposed to represent Pestalozzi. The Stuttgart sculptor Brellochs created the head in 1952 . There is a keystone above the entrances on either side of the covered pathway between the rectorate building and the girls' middle school. The keystone above the entrance to the lecture hall represents the head of Eduard Mörike and is made of red sandstone, which was created in 1952 by the sculptor Grässle from Heilbronn. Above the main entrance to the girls' middle school there is another keystone depicting Friedrich Schiller and created by the Weinsberg sculptor Volk.
Pestalozzi bust
Mörike bust
Schiller bust
In 2005, the Niethammer Foundation supported a common room design for the Pestalozzi School.
Educational work, equipment and offers
Student project
Extracurricular student projects: "Backpack School"
The Heilbronn Pestalozzi School emphasizes extracurricular and practical projects, which are referred to as "backpack school". The intention of the backpack school is that the pupils can only be equipped with a backpack and gain practical experience. Gardening is part of the backpack school's repertoire . Either in the school garden or in the garden of the retirement home. The backpackers can also work as zoo keepers, bricklayers or technicians. For example, students built a dry stone wall as part of a project or worked in an animal shelter or repaired old and defective bicycles.
Excursions to a large cafeteria, city library or train station are also part of the extracurricular experience. The students should master new situations independently. In the cafeteria they should learn to queue up alone, choose something and pay alone at the cash register. In the city library they should learn how to borrow a book on their own and in the train station how to buy a train ticket.
"[...] Sometimes we go on excursions into the city [...] the school goes out into life, introduce ourselves."
Equipment and offers
There is a room with computers, a handicraft room equipped with a sewing and ironing machine and a spacious, modern kitchen. At the Pestalozzi School, there is also a full-day offer of homework supervision, physical activity promotion and social training.
The offer of the Heilbronn Pestalozzi School ranges from babysitting courses to first aid courses. Cultural offers such as theater, cinema and museum visits are also available.
School youth work and school social pedagogy
The Pestalozzi School takes part in the ibbw and IFK project "Our School ..." . The project "Our School ..." by ibbw and IFK with its focus on social school quality has had a great and positive influence on the Heilbronn Pestalozzi School.
“I sometimes dissolve the subject boundaries, for example when we deal with a story like 'Käthchen von Heilbronn'. Then we make dolls so that we can play the story in another class. This is how German - reading the piece - handicraft and music flow together. "
"Rituals and regularities are indispensable [...] External order creates internal order."
Working groups
In the afternoons, teachers supervise working groups such as the soccer, computer, cooking, music and breakdance groups.
public relation
Support association
There is also a support association for the Heilbronn Pestalozzi School.
Tournaments, reading contests, Christmas carols and baking books
Football and table tennis tournaments are held with other Heilbronn schools and there is a reading competition and a choir within the school. The students worked as editors and are editors of a Christmas carol book and a baking book.
literature
- Gottfried Rappold (Red.): 75 years of the Pestalozzi School in Heilbronn . Heilbronn 1985
Web links
- Pestalozzi School Heilbronn (PDF; 330 kB)
Sources and Notes
- ↑ Uwe Jacobi: Heilbronn - as it was , page 56
- ↑ a b Uwe Jacobi: That was the 20th century in Heilbronn
- ^ Peter Wanner: The case of Wilhelm Hofmann - aspects of a career . In: heilbronnica 5. Contributions to town and regional history , Heilbronn town archive, Heilbronn 2013, pp. 287–324.
- ↑ Article in Heilbronner Voice of June 30, 1951, No. 149: Sculptures above the entrances
- ↑ heilbronn.de
- ↑ a b c Pestalozzi School Heilbronn (PDF; see web links)