Peter II (Bulgaria)
Peter II Deljan ( Bulgarian Петър Делян , Middle Greek Πέτρος Δολιάνος or Δελεάνος ; † 1041 in Constantinople ) was a Bulgarian pretender to the throne and self-appointed tsar in rebellion against the Byzantine Emperor Michael IV.
Life
Peter Deljan pretended to be the son of the Bulgarian Tsar Gavril Radomir, murdered in 1015, and the grandson of Samuil . After the submission of the Bulgarian Empire in February 1018 by the Byzantine emperor Basil II , he was taken prisoner to Constantinople. He later fled to Hungary and from there returned to the subject of Bulgaria .
In 1040 the Bulgarians rose against Byzantine rule and crowned Peter Deljan as tsar in Belgrade . The uprising was triggered by the replacement of the Bulgarian clergy under the direction of the Archdiocese of Ohrid by Greek clergy and the introduction of monetary taxes instead of taxes in kind, as had been common in Samuil's time. Deljan brought Raszien and Dendra under his control and also took the Byzantine fortresses Niš and Skopje .
At the same time, Tihomir rebelled on the subject of Dyrrhachion . Because Deljan feared a split and weakening of the Bulgarian camp, he invited Tihomir to Skopje for a meeting, ostensibly to offer him an alliance. The two rivals to the throne fought a speech duel in front of their assembled troops, which Deljan, who asserted his legitimacy as a member of the House of Komitopuli , won. The Bulgarian troops then recognized him as the sole ruler. Tihomir was deposed and killed. As a result Deljan maintained its domination on Thessaly and the subject Nikopolis expand.
In September 1040, the Alusian , who had fled the Byzantine sphere of influence and was the son of the last Tsar Ivan Wladislaw , joined the Bulgarian rebellion. Deljan accepted his cousin as co-regent and gave him command of an army that suffered a catastrophic defeat during the siege of Thessaloniki . After further military failures, Deljan was overthrown and blinded by Alusian in September 1041 . When Alusian defected to Emperor Michael IV shortly afterwards, Deljan continued the resistance despite his mutilation. But he was at the Battle of Ostrowo the imperial army under participation of Harald Hardrade commanded Varangian Guard beaten, taken to Constantinople Opel, the Hippodrome demonstrated and probably executed shortly thereafter.
swell
- Kedrenos 2, 259
- Michael Psellos , Chronographia , Michael IV 40-49
- Johannes Skylitzes , Michael IV 23-29
- Johannes Zonaras 17, 17
literature
- Jean-Claude Cheynet: Pouvoir et contestations à Byzance (963-1210) (= Publications de la Sorbonne. Series Byzantina Sorbonensia. Vol. 9). Reimpression. Publications de la Sorbonne Center de Recherches d'Histoire et de Civilization Byzantines, Paris 1996, ISBN 2-85944-168-5 , p. 49 No. 45.
- Alexios G. Savvides, Benjamin Hendrickx (Eds.): Encyclopaedic Prosopographical Lexicon of Byzantine History and Civilization . Vol. 2: Baanes-Eznik of Kolb . Brepols Publishers, Turnhout 2008, ISBN 978-2-503-52377-4 , pp. 326-327.
- Paul Stephenson: Byzantium's Balkan Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans 900–1204. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2000, ISBN 0-521-77017-3 , pp. 130-133, 135.
Web links
- Petros Deljan in the Prosopography of the Byzantine World
- Ruler of the Western Bulgarian Empire 997-1018 and 1040-1041 on Medieval Lands
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| (vacant; last title holder: Presian II. ) |
Tsar of Bulgaria 1040-1041 |
(vacant; next title holder: Peter III. ) |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Peter II |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Peter Deljan; Петър Делян (Bulgarian); Πέτρος Δολιάνος; Πέτρος Δελεάνος (Middle Greek) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Bulgarian tsar and rebel against the Byzantine emperor Michael IV. |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 10th century or 11th century |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1041 |
| Place of death | Constantinople |