Petrus Capuanus
Petrus Capuanus (often with the nickname maior , German: Peter von Capua the Elder , Italian: Pietro di Capua or Pietro Capuano ; † August 30, 1214 in Viterbo ) was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church in the 12th and 13th centuries . His nephew, Petrus Capuanus minor, was also named cardinal in 1219.
Peter came from a patrician family from Amalfi - the Capuanus family can be traced there from the end of the 11th to the middle of the 14th century - and studied theology in Paris with Robert von Courson , Stephen Langton and Lotario di Segni, who later became Pope Innocent III. While still a student, he began to treatise a theological summary , which he received after his appointment as cardinal deacon of Santa Maria in Via Lata by Pope Celestine III. Completed in 1193. As a papal legate, he was active in Poland and Bohemia in 1197 and in France in 1198 . There he was supposed to mediate between Philip II August and Richard the Lionheart and promote the fourth crusade . On this occasion Peter should also campaign for the release of Bishop Philip of Beauvais , who was held captive by Richard the Lionheart and who was a mortal enemy of the English king. According to the later Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal , Richard the Lionheart lost his temper when Peter brought up this subject, whereupon he intended to castrate the papal legate . However, Peter was able to escape this fate by fleeing.
On December 23, 1200, Peter was appointed cardinal priest of San Marcello and then legate for the fourth crusade. He was unable to exert any decisive influence on this undertaking and broke away from the main army after it was decided to divert the crusade to Constantinople in order to travel directly to the Holy Land. However, he later traveled at the request of the Latin emperor Baldwin I and against the will of Pope Innocent III. but to Constantinople to lead the establishment of a Latin church hierarchy. Among other things, he had the relics of the Apostle in his home town of Amalfi transfer . The appointment of Peter as Patriarch of Constantinople failed in 1211 due to the objection of the Pope. The following year he founded the monastery of San Pietro della Canonica in Amalfi with his brother Mansone and his nephew Giovanni .
literature
- Norbert Kamp : Capuano (Capuanus, de Capua, Capuensis, de Cappuis, de Chapes), Pietro. In: Alberto M. Ghisalberti (Ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 19: Cappi-Cardona. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1976.
- Werner Maleczek : Petrus Capuanus. Cardinal, legate on the fourth crusade, theologian († 1214) , Vienna 1988 (publications of the Historical Institute at the Austrian Cultural Institute in Rome, I. Department: Treatises, 8th volume) ISBN 3700113080
- Alfonso Chacón : Sobre la autoría de la "Summa Theologiae" del Cardenal Pedro de Capua († 1214) , in: Hispania Christina. Estudios en honor del prof. José Orlandis Rovira (Pamplona 1988)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal , ed. by Paul Meyer, Vol. 2, 11623-11626 (1892-1902); see also: John Gillingham, Richard the Lionheart (London, 1978) p. 274 and David Crouch, William Marshal (London, 1990), pp. 72-77
Web links
- Petrus Capuanus. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website, English)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Petrus Capuanus |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Petrus Capuanus maior; Peter of Capua; Pietro di Capua |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian cardinal |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 12th Century |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 30, 1214 |
| Place of death | Viterbo |