Phagres

Attic black-figure crater from Phagres (530-520 BC)

Phagres ( ancient Greek Φάγρης ) was a Thracian city in the Thasitic Peraia on the Strymonian Gulf . The city was 200 m east of the modern town of Orfani at the western end of the Symvolo Mountains.

In the 7th century BC Chr. Replaced the Macedonians under King Perdiccas the Thracian Pierer , who at the foot of Mount Olympus lived. The displaced moved east and founded the cities of Phagres and Pergamos . For this reason the area was also called the Pierian Mountains. Strabo reports that Phagres was between the mouth of the Strymon and Galepsos . The location of Phagres east of the present-day village of Orfani is considered safe and was first proposed in 1835 by William Martin Leake . According to Herodotus , in 480 B.C. During the Second Persian War , the Persian king Xerxes I with his army passed the city, which in this context is called "fortress" ("Τεῖχος"). It is believed that Phagres, like other neighboring cities, was born in 356 BC. Was destroyed by Philip II of Macedonia .

The archaeological finds from Phagres show close connections to colonies of the city of Thasos , although Phagres itself was not a Thasian foundation. Hence, it has been suggested that it was made a colony by Thasos at an unknown date. Attic and Thai ceramics from the 6th and 5th centuries BC were found during excavations. End of 4th and beginning of 3rd century BC. Phagres was independent and minted its own coins. A phagric bronze coin, which gives the name of the city and thus also confirms the localization of the place, was found during excavations on the hill. It dates to the late 4th century BC. BC and shows on one side the head of the god Apollo with a laurel wreath and on the back the front part of a lion. A necropolis from the transition of the 3rd to the 2nd century BC was found northwest of the city hill. Most of the burials examined were cremation graves . These graves and the discovery of a Hellenistic building suggest that the place was inhabited until Roman times. At that time the Via Egnatia passed a few kilometers north .

literature

Anna Avraméa: Tabula Imperii Romani . Volume K 35.1: Philippi. Académie d'Athènes, Athens 1993, p. 44.
Fanoula Papazoglou : Les villes de Macédoine a l'époque romaine (= Bulletin de correspondance hellénique . Supplement 16). École Française d'Athènes / De Boccard, Athens / Paris 1988, ISBN 2-86958-014-2 , p. 389 f.
Louisa Loukopoulou: Thrace from Strymon to Nestos. In: Mogens Herman Hansen , Thomas Heine Nielsen (Ed.): An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-814099-1 , pp. 854-869, here p. 865, no. 636.

Web links

Commons : Phagres - collection of images, videos and audio files

Η αρχαία πόλη, Φάγρης

Individual evidence

↑ Thucydides , The Peloponnesian War 2,99,3.
↑ Strabo, Geography 7, Fragment 33 (p. 331)
^ William Martin Leake: Travels in Northern Greece. London 1835, p. 176 f.
↑ Herodotus, Histories 7,112.
↑ ^a ^b Louisa Loukopoulou: Thrace from Strymon to Nestos. In: Mogens Herman Hansen, Thomas Heine Nielsen (Ed.): An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-814099-1 , pp. 854-869, here p. 865.

40.772555555556 23.958777777778Coordinates: 40 ° 46 ' N , 23 ° 58' E

[1] Thucydides , The Peloponnesian War 2,99,3.

[2] Strabo, Geography 7, Fragment 33 (p. 331)

[3] William Martin Leake: Travels in Northern Greece. London 1835, p. 176 f.

[4] Herodotus, Histories 7,112.

[Loukopoulou-5] Louisa Loukopoulou: Thrace from Strymon to Nestos. In: Mogens Herman Hansen, Thomas Heine Nielsen (Ed.): An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-814099-1 , pp. 854-869, here p. 865.