Philip Wharton, 1st Duke of Wharton
Philip Wharton, 1st Duke of Wharton ( December 21, 1698 - May 31, 1731 ), was a British peer .
Life
He was the son and heir of Thomas Wharton, 1st Marquess of Wharton , from his second marriage to Lucy Loftus. As a Whig politician, his father had supported the Glorious Revolution against the Jacobites .
He was still a minor when his father died in 1715 and he inherited his title of nobility. He was 2nd Marquess of Wharton and 2nd Marquess of Malmesbury in the Peerage of Great Britain , 2nd Earl of Wharton in the Peerage of England , 2nd Viscount Winchendon and 6th Baron Wharton , and in the Peerage of Ireland 2. Marquess of Catherlough , 2nd Earl of Rathfarnham and 2nd Baron Trim .
In 1716 he went on a grand tour through Germany, Switzerland and France. He visited the exiled titular king James III. who on December 22, 1716 gave him the Anglo-Jacobite titles Duke of Northumberland , Marquess of Woodburn , Earl of Malmesbury and Viscount Winchendon .
Wharton then went to Ireland , where he took his seat in the Irish House of Lords as Marquess of Catherlough after his 18th birthday . King George I tried to win him over to his side in the dispute with the Jacobites and in 1717 accepted him into the Privy Council for Ireland and raised him to Duke of Wharton in the Peerage of Great Britain on January 28, 1718 . Wharton was the first since the Middle Ages to be raised to Duke as a minor without being closely related to the king.
Wharton had substantial debts at the time, which led him to sell his lands in Ireland and the proceeds in bonds from the South Sea Company , whereupon the bursting of the South Sea Bubble in 1720 further ruined him.
In June 1725 he left the country and joined the Jacobites. In August 1725 he served as the envoy of Jacob III. in Vienna , in March 1726 in Madrid . In 1727 he fought openly against the British crown as commander of a Spanish unit during the siege of Gibraltar . On April 3, 1729, he was informally ostracized for treason and his titles and remaining lands were confiscated by the British Crown. He finally died in 1731 in the monastery of Santa Maria de Poblet in Catalonia , leaving no descendants.
Many years later, the Queen's Bench of the High Court of Justice recognized that formal errors had occurred in the ostracism and forfeiture of the title and retroactively rehabilitated Wharton with Writ of Error of May 3, 1845. All of his titles are thus de iure upon his childless death Extinguished in 1731, with the exception of the Wharton Barony , which fell de iure at Abeyance in 1731 and was finally restored to one of the Dukes' cousins in 1916.
Marriages and offspring
His first marriage was in 1715 Martha Holmes († 1726), daughter of Maj.-Gen. Richard Holmes. With her he had a son, Thomas Wharton, Marquess of Malmesbury (1719-1720), who, however, died young of smallpox .
In his second marriage he married Maria Theresa O'Beirne († 1777), daughter of Colonel Henry O'Beirne in 1726. The marriage remained childless.
literature
- Charles Mosley (Ed.): Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage . Volume 2, Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, Wilmington 2003, p. 3010.
- Lewis Melville: The life and writings of Philip, Duke of Wharton. John Lane, London 1913.
Web links
- Philip Wharton, 1st Duke of Wharton on thepeerage.com
- Wharton, Duke of (GB, 1717 / 8-1729) at Cracroft's Peerage
Individual evidence
- ^ The London Gazette : No. 5609, Jan. 18, 1718 , p. 2.
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Thomas Wharton |
Duke of Wharton 1718-1729 |
Title forfeited |
| Thomas Wharton |
Marquess of Wharton 1715-1729 |
Title forfeited |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Wharton, Philip, 1st Duke of Wharton |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Wharton, Philip, 2nd Marquess of Wharton |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | British peer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 21, 1698 |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 31, 1731 |
| Place of death | Monestir de Santa Maria de Poblet |