Philipp Clüver
Philipp Clüver (also Klüwer , often Latinized as Philippus Cluverius ; * 1580 in Danzig ; † December 31, 1622 in Leiden , Netherlands ) was a German geographer and historian who had a strong influence on the revival of geographical science in Europe, and as the founder the historical geography applies.
Life
The son of the Danzig mint master was to become a lawyer and diplomat, according to the father's wishes. At the age of 20 he was sent to Leiden to study law, where, however, under the influence of Joseph Justus Scaliger, he turned to classical studies and especially to ancient geography. This led to a break with the father. He became a soldier in Bohemia and as such fought against the Turks in Hungary. From 1607 to 1613 he traveled a large part of Europe, with his mother secretly supporting him. In London he met the humanist Isaac Casaubon and got married there. In 1615 he finally settled in Leiden, where he was permanently employed in the following years as geographus academicus with a salary of 500 guilders. 1617–1618 he traveled again, on foot through Italy and Sicily. His writings were published by Elsevier , a relatively young publisher at the time , which did not earn badly from them, but did not support the children of the deceased.
plant
Clüver approached geography through history and classical authors. Among his most significant works is the Introductio in Universam Geographiam ( Introduction to Universal Geography ) of 1624. The first of six volumes deals with the earth in general, but his fame is based more on the remaining five volumes. They contain brief descriptions of the countries, with an emphasis on human and historical considerations. This Introductio remained a standard work in geography until the middle of the 18th century.
Fonts
- Germania Antiqua libri tres (1616)
- Siciliae Antiquae libri duo (1619)
- Sardinia et Corsica Antiqua (1619)
- Italia Antiqua (1624, posthumous)
- Introductio in Universam Geographiam (1624–1629)
literature
- Peter Fuchs: Clüver, Philipp. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 295 ( digitized version ).
- Conrad Bursian: Cluverius, Philipp . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, p. 353 f.
- Josef Partsch: Philipp Clüver, the founder of historical geography. A contribution to the history of geographical science , Vienna 1891 (According to Christopher Krebs: “… your old mother tongue… unmixed and unspoiled”: On the reception of Tacite Germania in the 17th century , in: Philologus 154 (2010) 119-139, here. P. 121, note 14, still as the most detailed account of his life and work.).
Web links
- Clüver cards
- World picture - map picture: No. 46 and No. 80
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Clüver, Philipp |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Cluverius, Philip |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German geographer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1580 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Danzig |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 31, 1622 |
| Place of death | Leiden (city) |