Philippe J. Sansonetti

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Philippe J. Sansonetti

Philippe Joseph Sansonetti (born April 9, 1949 in Paris ) is a French microbiologist and teaches at the Pasteur Institute and at the Collège de France in Paris. He is the head of INSERM Unit 786 “Microbial Colonization and Invasion of the Mucosa” and the Laboratory “Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire” (Molecular Microbial Pathogenesis).

Life

Sansonetti studied microbiology , virology and immunology at the Pasteur Institute and graduated from Paris VII University in 1978. In 1979 he graduated from the University of Paris VII with a medical degree.

After 4 years as a research fellow at the "Bactériologie Médicale" (Medical Bacteriology) with Léon Le Minor , he completed a postdoctoral fellowship with Samuel Formal in the Department of Intestinal Diseases at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Washington DC.

In 1981 he returned to the Pasteur Institute and was group leader in the intestinal bacteria department until, in 1989, he founded his own department “Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire” (Molecular Microbial Pathogenesis). Between 1981 and 1985 he also worked as a doctor and from 1985 to 1995 head of a day clinic. From 1995 to 1999 and from 2004 to 2007 he was medical director of the Pasteur Clinic. He was head of the Department of Bacteriology and Mycology (1989–1992) and the Department of Cell Biology and Infection (2002–2006) of the Pasteur Institute. Philippe Sansonetti held several positions in the scientific administration of Inserm and was chairman of the “Steering Committee on Diarrheal Diseases Vaccine Development” in the World Health Organization .

Lifetime Achievement and Awards

Philippe Sansonetti's main scientific interest lies in the pathogenesis of dysentery . His work spans multiple disciplines in biology and medicine. He has made major contributions to molecular genetics , cell biology , immunology, and vaccine development . Sansonetti showed that the virulence of Shigella is based on a large plasmid that, among other things, codes for a type III secretion system (T3SS), which is necessary for penetration into the cells of the intestinal epithelium . He also described the molecular mechanisms that lead to cell invasion and intracellular motility. He demonstrated that Shigella macrophages are eliminated by pyroptosis. He also found that intracellular bacteria are recognized by Nod proteins, which leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines . He showed that Shigella produces T3S effectors that modulate both innate and adaptive immune responses. He is also working on the development of a vaccine that will protect against the major Shigella serotypes.

Prof. Sansonetti is the author of over 300 recognized publications and has been the editor of several specialist journals. He is one of the founders of cellular microbiology and founded a journal of the same name.

His scientific achievements have been honored with numerous prizes, including:

He was made a Knight of the Legion of Honor and Officer of the Ordre national du Mérite . He also became a member of EMBO (1993), the French Académie des sciences (2001), the Academia Europaea (2001), the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina (2002), the American Association for the Advancement of Science , the National Academy of Sciences (2012) and elected corresponding member of the French Academy of Medicine. He is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute scientist. Since 2008 he has held the professorship for microbiology and infectious diseases at the Collège de France. In 2014 he was admitted to the Royal Society as a foreign member .

Important publications

  • PJ Sansonetti: War and peace at mucosal surfaces . In: Nature Rev. Immunol. , 2004, 4, pp. 953-964, PMID 15573130 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Directory of members: Philippe J. Sansonetti. Academia Europaea, accessed September 25, 2017 .
  2. ^ Member Directory: Philippe Sansonetti. National Academy of Sciences, accessed September 25, 2017 .
  3. ^ Fellows Directory: Philippe Sansonetti. Royal Society, accessed September 25, 2017 .
personal data
SURNAME Sansonetti, Philippe J.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sansonetti, Philippe Joseph (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French biologist
DATE OF BIRTH April 9, 1949
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris