Pyotr Dmitrievich Grushin

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Pyotr Dmitrievich Grushin ( Russian Пётр Дмитриевич Грушин , born January 2 . Jul / 15 January 1906 greg. In Volsk ; † 29. November 1993 in Moscow ) was a Soviet and Russian scientists , aircraft and rocket engineer . He was a member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1966) and the Central Committee of the CPSU (1966–1986). Twice he was a hero of socialist labor , winner of the Lenin Prize and the State Prize of the USSR .

Life

Pyotr Gruschin was born in 1906 on the outskirts of the city of Wolsk in the Saratov governorate as one of seven children of a carpenter . He first attended the denominational school, then the city school. In 1928 he was sent to Leningrad to the Shipbuilding Faculty of the Polytechnic Institute , a department for the training of seaplane specialists. In 1930 the Seaplane Division was incorporated into the Moscow State Aviation Institute (MAI). He graduated in May of 1932 with the diploma of a mechanical engineer in aircraft from. During the Second World War he worked with Semjon Lavochkin in the OKB-21 (Experimental Design Office) in Gorky, then in the Ministry of Aviation Industry and in the special committee for rocket technology. In autumn 1948 he became dean of the MAI and prorector for scientific work.

In June 1951, he was reappointed Lavochkin's first deputy at OKB-301 to complete and test the W-300 missile of the S-25 Berkut anti-aircraft system . On November 20, 1953, the Council of Ministers of the USSR founded the OKB-2 in the Moscow suburb of Khimki to build new models of surface-to-air missiles. Pyotr Gruschin became chief designer of the OKB. The OKB included the missile experts from KB-1 and OKB-293. The first work of the OKB-2 was the 1D rocket for the S-75 , for which Pyotr Gruschin was awarded the title "Hero of Socialist Labor" and received the Order of Lenin.

The W-1000 rocket was also developed in OKB-2 - the first ABM rocket in history. On March 4, 1961, an R-12 (missile) warhead was destroyed by a W-1000 at the Sary-Schagan test site . Gruschin also developed the ABM missiles A-350 and 51T6, as well as the guided missiles for the S-125 , S-200 , S-300P , 2K11 Krug , 9K330 Tor and the 9K33 Osa . For the rocket 5W55 of the S-300P system, Gruschin was honored a second time as a "hero of socialist work".

Pyotr Grushin lived in Khimki. He was buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery . The OKB-2 was later named "MKB Fakel". On December 23, 1993 the MKB was renamed "P.-D.-Gruschin-MKB".

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Pyotr Gruschin on the website of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Retrieved July 25, 2018 (Russian).
  2. ↑ a b c Pyotr Gruschin - biography. Retrieved July 25, 2018 (Russian).
  3. ↑ a b c d Korowin W., Swetlow W., Afanassjew P .: Pjotr ​​Gruschin . Polytechnika, Moscow 2011, ISBN 978-5-7325-0975-5 , p. 616 .
personal data
SURNAME Gruschin, Pyotr Dmitrievich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet and Russian scientist, aircraft constructor and designer in the field of rocket technology
DATE OF BIRTH January 15, 1906
PLACE OF BIRTH Wolsk
DATE OF DEATH November 29, 1993
Place of death Moscow