Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor
PAI-1 | ||
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Existing structural data: see UniProt |
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Properties of human protein | ||
Mass / length primary structure | 379 amino acids | |
Identifier | ||
Gene name | SERPINE1 | |
External IDs | ||
Inhibitor classification | ||
MEROPS | I04.020 | |
Occurrence | ||
Parent taxon | Vertebrates |
As a plasminogen activator inhibitors (or plasminogen activator inhibitors, PAI) refers to proteins in blood involved in the blood coagulation involved. They act as an inhibitor of the body's own dissolution of a blood clot ( fibrinolysis ). There are currently four types of plasminogen activator inhibitors, with type 1 being the main one.
The plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) is the most important inhibitor of the tissue-specific plasminogen activator (engl. Tissue plasminogen activator , t-PA) and urokinase , both the inactive plasminogen to plasmin convert. The task of plasmin is to break down the fibrin polymers , which stop the bleeding as coagulation products , into fibrin and fibrinogen . Plasmin is therefore an antagonist of thrombin , which causes rapid hemostasis by forming a thrombus . PAI-1 is one of the serpins . A by mutation at SERPINE1 - gene inherited induced (more rarely) PAI-1 deficiency is documented.
Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 is synthesized by endothelial cells , megakaryocytes and in adipocytes of the visceral fat , depending on its filling status . 80% of the PAI-1 activity in the blood is found in the platelets . In the primary wound closure of a vascular wall defect, the activated platelets secrete PAI-1 and thereby prevent premature lysis of the fibrin in the wound area.
In obesity with an increase in visceral fat and the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus or a metabolic syndrome , there is an increase in the secretion of PAI-1 and thus an increase in the risk of peripheral clot formation with the possibility of an embolism , as well as a heart or cerebral infarction .
Aleplasinin is a selective inhibitor of PAI-1.
Individual evidence
Web links
- reactome: Exocytosis of plasminogen activator inhibitor
- Rush / reactome: Dissolution of Fibrin Clot