Pleiogynium timoriense

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Pleiogynium timoriense
Pleiogynium timoriense 5zz.jpg

Pleiogynium timoriense

Systematics
Rosids
Eurosiden II
Order : Sapindales (Sapindales)
Family : Sumac family (Anacardiaceae)
Genre : Pleiogynium
Type : Pleiogynium timoriense
Scientific name
Pleiogynium timoriense
( DC. ) Leenh.
Fruits, stone pits and leaves

Pleiogynium timoriense, or the Burdekin plum , is a tree in the sumac family from northeastern Australia , New Guinea and Polynesia , from the Solomon Islands to Tonga and the Cook Islands .

description

Pleiogynium timoriense grows as an evergreen tree to over 35 (50) meters high. The trunk diameter reaches about 75 centimeters or more. Sometimes high buttress roots are formed. The rough, cracked bark is brown to grayish and small-scale.

The alternate and stalked leaves are unpaired pinnate with up to about 11 leaflets . The petiole is up to 12 centimeters and the rachis up to 30 centimeters long, both are slightly hairy to bald. The short-stalked, leathery, mostly bald, egg-shaped to elliptical or obovate leaflets have entire margins and are rounded to pointed or pointed. They are up to about 10-13 centimeters long and up to 6 centimeters wide. The leaflet stalks are up to 1 (4 for the terminal leaflet) centimeters long.

Pleiogynium timoriense is dioecious diocesan . Axillary panicles or grapes are formed. The male inflorescences are up to 30 centimeters long and multi-flowered, the female are much shorter and few-flowered, rarely they are up to 15 centimeters long, but mostly a lot shorter and only up to 3.5 centimeters long. The short-stalked to almost sessile, usually five-fold, very small and functionally unisexual flowers are yellowish with a double flower envelope . The calyx is minimal with rounded lobes, the petals are up to 3 millimeters long. The female flowers have an upper and multi-chambered (up to 12, 14), bald ovary with short, free, ring-shaped and curved, tongue-shaped scar lobes and some reduced staminodes. The male flowers have about 10 short stamens in two circles and a reduced pestle. There is one notched, fleshy and one bald disc each.

There are reddish to dark purple or blackish, up to 4 centimeters large, multi-seeded (up to 12, 14), round and sometimes slightly flattened or ribbed, smooth, shiny stone fruits with thin, whitish pulp (outer mesocarp ) and remnants of scars at the tip . The large, multi-chambered (up to 12, 14), more or less sculpted, pitted to rib-like, furrowed and muffin , ufo-shaped and woody stone core (inner mesocarp) has a germ cover (operculum). The elongated, slightly sickle-shaped and narrow seeds (in the endocarp) are about 1 centimeter long.

use

The slightly sour, bitter fruits are edible and are used raw or cooked. They usually have to ripen, the Aborigines buried the fruit for a few days.

The seeds are also edible.

The inner bark can be used as a fish poison .

The very heavy wood is of good quality and is used for various applications.

literature

  • K. Kubitzki : The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Vol. X: Flowering Plants Eudicots , Springer, 2011, ISBN 978-3-642-14396-0 , pp. 8, 13, 21, 42.
  • Morris Lake: Australian Rainforest Woods. CSIRO, 2015, ISBN 978-1-486-30179-9 , p. 138.
  • Flora Malesiana. Ser. 1, Vol. 8, Part 3, 1978, p. 474 ff, Fig. 34, online at biodiversitylibrary.org.

Web links

Commons : Pleiogynium timoriense  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Andrew Rozefelds, Mary Dettmann, Trevor Clifford et. al .: Traditional and computed tomographic (CT) techniques link modern and Cenozoic fruits of Pleiogynium (Anacardiaceae) from Australia. In: Journal Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. Volume 39, Issue 1, 2015, doi: 10.1080 / 03115518.2014.951916 , online at researchgate.net.