Podgórze (Krakow)

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The historic center of Podgórze
Podgórze market square with St. Joseph's Church in the background
Podgórze (right, on the front) in 1860, Krakow behind the Vistula
  • Podgórze in 1916
  • Public buildings
  • Cemeteries and gardens

    • Podgórze is a city founded in 1784 as Josephstadt on the southern bank of the Vistula , which was incorporated into Krakow in 1915 and gives its name to district XIII .

    history

    The Benedict Church on a hill of the Kraków Land Bridge dates from the year 1000 . This hill was named Mons s in 1286 . Benedicti mentioned, then by Jan Długosz (1470–1480) as Lyassotinus Mons , today Wzgórze Lasoty . The small village under the hill was built from the 16th century Podgórze called, literally foothills , below the hill . In 1772 the area came to Austria as part of Galicia during the First Partition of Poland . In 1784 Emperor Joseph II granted Podgórze the status of a city with freedom of trade, originally under the name Josefstadt . In 1787 there were already 108 houses, and its location at the crossroads of some trade routes made the new city competitive with the former capital of Poland, Krakow, on the other side of the Vistula. Krakow was also annexed to Austria in 1795 and Josephstadt was assigned to the Krakow district. According to the Peace of Schönbrunn of 1809, however, both cities came to the Duchy of Warsaw . The next year Podgórze was incorporated into Krakow. But as early as 1815 the Vistula became the state border again, and Podgórze broke away from Kraków and became part of the Wieliczka district. After the abolition of patrimonial , the city became the seat of the Podgórze district . At that time the Austrians built some fortifications of the Krakow fortress , u. a. on the Krak Hill .

    In 1900 the town of Podgórze had an area of ​​548 hectares with 513 houses and 18,155 inhabitants (including 482 from the military), of which the majority were Polish-speaking (17092), 330 German-speaking (from the military 213). The majority of the population was Roman Catholic (12586), and 5422 Jews lived in the city . There were two industrial suburbs: Bonarka in the southwest and Zabłocie in the east.

    Compared to Krakow, Podgórze was more modern and industrialized. Podgórze founded its own power station and had its own waterworks. The liberal administration of Podgórze was reluctant to consider the plans for incorporation into Cracow and turned down Cracow's first offer from 1903. Podgórze postponed the development plan of the city of Krakow by the city president Juliusz Leo , who called Podgórze "the pearl of the municipalities around Krakow", until 1913. On July 1, 1915, Podgórze, with a population of 22,000, was ceremonially incorporated into Krakow.

    The Krakow ghetto was located here from 1941 to 1943 .

    The former Josefstadt is part of an area that was declared a historical town complex (historyczny zespół miasta) on September 16, 1994 by presidential decree of Lech Wałęsa as a historical monument (Pomnik historii) .

    Web links

    Commons : Podgórze  - collection of images, videos and audio files

    Individual evidence

    1. ↑ Kazimierz Rymut , Barbara Czopek-Kopciuch: Nazwy miejscowe Polski: historia, pochodzenie, zmiany . 9 (Po-Q). Polska Akademia Nauk . Instytut Języka Polskiego, Kraków 2013, p. 29 (Polish, online ).
    2. ↑ Ludwinów . In: Filip Sulimierski, Władysław Walewski (eds.): Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich . tape 5 : Kutowa Wola – Malczyce . Walewskiego, Warsaw 1884, p. 476 (Polish, edu.pl ).
    3. ↑ Ludwig Patryn (Ed.): Community encyclopedia of the kingdoms and countries represented in the Reichsrat, edited on the basis of the results of the census of December 31, 1900, XII. Galicia . Vienna 1907 ( online ).
    4. ↑ Przemysłowe Podgórze
    5. ↑ Kraków. Rozszerzenie granic 1909–1916. Karol Rolle Publishing House, Kraków 1932, p. 206.
    6. ↑ Jak powstawał Wielki Kraków. 100 lat od przyłączenia Podgórza

    Coordinates: 50 ° 3 '  N , 19 ° 57'  E