Podopinae

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Podopinae
Strip bug (Graphosoma lineatum)

Strip bug ( Graphosoma lineatum )

Systematics
Order : Schnabelkerfe (Hemiptera)
Subordination : Bed bugs (heteroptera)
Partial order : Pentatomomorpha
Superfamily : Pentatomoidea
Family : Stink bugs (Pentatomidae)
Subfamily : Podopinae
Scientific name
Podopinae
Amyot & Serville , 1843

The Podopinae are a subfamily of the stink bugs (Pentatomidae) from the suborder Pentatomomorpha . In English, the bugs are known as turtle bugs ("turtle bugs").

features

The representatives of the Podopinae are distinguished within the stink bug family by their enlarged scutellum (similar to the shield bugs (Scutelleridae)), which covers most of the front wings and often almost the entire abdomen. The following additional features are used to diagnose the subfamily: The antennas consist of either four or five segments, they sit on a clear protrusion (antenna tubercle) that is visible when viewed from above. The lateral margins of the pronotum also usually have either teeth or tubercles. The tarsi consist of three segments. The long and thin sensory hairs ( trichobothria ) of the abdomen almost always sit in pairs, in a few species also individually, behind the stigmas . There is no hook (hamus) in the veining of the hind wings, the veins Radius + Media and Cubitus run parallel to each other. The genital capsule of the males shows two-branch parameters.

Way of life

The representatives of the Podopinae feed on a phytophagus . Their habitat is typically wetlands or coastal areas. The Podopinae are much more species-rich in the Old World than in the New World.

Taxonomy and systematics

The Podopinae are divided into five tribes . Furthermore, there are five genera without tribe allocation. There are at least 64 genera . There are around 250 species worldwide. In Europe, the subfamily is represented with 41 species from 15 genera. There are 14 species from 6 genera in the United States . In the Neotropic (South America) there is only one species, Neoleprosoma argentinensis .

The Podopinae include the following tribes and genera:

Species in Europe

The following species occur in Europe:

More types

A selection of non-European species:

The monophyly of the subfamily is controversial between different authors, according to phylogenomic and morphological data its differentiation from the Pentatominae is not certain. The affiliation of the tribe Procleticini Pennington, 1920 to this subfamily or the Pentatominae is unclear.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Randall T. Schuh, James Alexander Slater: True Bugs of the World (Hemiptera: Heteroptera): Classification and Natural History. Cornell University Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0-8014-2066-5 . on page 232.
  2. ↑ a b c d e Subfamily Podopinae - Turtle Bugs . bugguide.net. Retrieved January 3, 2017.
  3. ^ A b subfamily Podopinae Amyot & Serville, 1843 . biolib. Retrieved January 3, 2017.
  4. ↑ a b Podopinae. Fauna Europaea, accessed January 3, 2017 .
  5. ↑ Antônio R. Panizzi, Jocélia Grazia: True Bugs (Heteroptera) of the Neotropics. Springer Verlag, 2015. ISBN 978-94-017-9861-7 .
  6. ↑ Juan Wang, Li Zhang, Xing-Zhuo Yang, Min-Qiang Zhou, Ming-Long Yuan (2017): The first mitochondrial genome for the subfamily Podopinae (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and its phylogenetic implications. Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 2: 1, 219-220, doi: 10.1080 / 23802359.2017.1310605
  7. ^ DA Gapon & FV Konstantinov (2006): On the Structure of the Aedeagus in Shield Bugs (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae): II. Subfamily Podopinae. Entomological Review 86 (2): 149-167.

Web links

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