Poem without a hero

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Poem without a hero ( Russian Поэма без героя / Poema bez geroja ) is a verse novella designed as a triptych by Anna Akhmatova , completed in 1963. This work is generally regarded as her masterpiece.

history

Anna Akhmatova wrote in 1963 (according to some sources 1962) in Tashkent , where she had been evacuated, the last additions to her work Poem Without a Hero , with which she wrote in 1949 - according to some sources as early as 1940 - in the White Hall of the Fountain House , in Leningrad ( until 1924 and since 1991 Saint Petersburg again ). Up until 1962 she had revised the first version several times and only published it in small excerpts, before the first complete publication of the "Poem" took place in New York in 1967. However, Poem Without a Hero was not fully published in Russia until 1974. The British-Jewish-Russian political philosopher and historian of ideas Isaiah Berlin described the work when Anna read it in 1945 in the Fontänenhaus as:

"... a kind of final memorial for her - Anna Akhmatova - as a poet [...], for the city's past - St. Petersburg - which she felt as part of her being."

- Isaiah Berlin : Comment on Berlin, encounters with a Russian writer. Page 348.

construction

Poem without a hero. A triptych (1940-1963)

Instead of a foreword
dedication
Second dedication
Third and final dedication
introduction

First part. The year nineteen thirteen. A Petersburg novella

First chapter
On the podium / in the stairwell. intermezzo
second chapter
third chapter
Fourth and final chapter
epilogue

Second part. Downside

Verses 1–21

Third part. epilogue

action

Poem without a hero is a work for those who died in Leningrad (St. Petersburg). It conjures up in the form of a carnival procession , in which masked figures walk along - a whole generation of disappeared friends and figures from St. Petersburg - that appears in front of her in the fountain house. With their masked faces, this carnival procession describes the people who left history behind in 1913. The poem is full of literary allusions that have been studied by many scholars.

The dedication or key message of the work at the beginning of your requiem:

"And because I have run out of paper, I'll write this on your manuscript."

- Anna Akhmatova : poems. Page 121,

was predicted by Ossip Mandelstam , a good friend and by her as a "twin", in the poem Tristia from 1922, which she in turn quoted as the motto for the third chapter of her own work.

“ Petersburg
It will
bring us together again as if we had buried the sun there,
And for the first time it will touch our mouths
That blissful meaningless word.
Deep in the velvet of the Soviet night, in the black
velvet of emptiness, world wide,
singing eyes of blessed women, and
flowers still grow and bloom for all time. "

- Ossip Mandelstam : Tristia. Page 97.

The work is also a resurrection song - a literary expression of the spiritual words that allowed the people of that city to survive Soviet power and meet again in Petersburg.

Text editions

  • Anna Akhmatova: Poem without a hero. Poems and poems, Russian and German (= Reclams Universal Library. Vol. 795). Adaptations by Heinz Czechowski , Uwe Grüning , Rainer Kirsch and Sarah Kirsch . Interlinear translations by Oskar Törne . Translation of the prose texts by Fritz Mierau , Werner Rode and Eckhard Thiele . Edited by Fritz Mierau. Philipp Reclam jun., Leipzig [1979], 1982, 2nd, extended. Ed. [With "'Notes of the Editor' (ie Akhmatova)", comments and additions.]
  • Anna Akhmatova: Poem without a hero. Late poems (= Reclam's Universal Library. Vol. 1487). Re-writings by Heinz Czechowski, edited by Fritz Mierau. Reclam, Leipzig 1993, 6th, modified edition, ISBN 3-3790-1487-7 (bilingual, Russian / German).
  • Anna Akhmatova: Poem without a hero . Translation by Bettina Eberspächer . Memories of Anna Akhmatova. Translation by Kay Borowsky . Edited by Siegfried Heinrichs. Oberbaum Verlag, Berlin 1997, also Lucas Presse, Enger / Ostwestfalen 1997, ISBN 3-926409-40-1 (German / Russian).
  • Anna Akhmatova: Poem without a hero (= chameleon. Vol. 9; Akmeismus . Vol. 3). From the Russ. newly transferred by Alexander Nitzberg . Grupello Verlag , Düsseldorf 2001, ISBN 3-933749-38-7 (German / Russian). [With "'Editor's Notes' (ie Akhmatova)", comments and additions.]

literature

  • Orlando Figes : Natasha's Dance. A cultural history of Russia. From the English by Sabine Baumann and Bernd Rullkötter. Berlin-Verlag, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-8270-0487-X , pp. 537-538.
    • Orlando Figes Natasha's dance: a cultural history of Russia (= Rogers D. Spotswood Collection). Metropolitan Books, New York, NY 2002, ISBN 0-8050-5783-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Orlando Figes: Natascha's dance. A cultural history of Russia. Berlin-Verlag, Berlin 2003, page 537.
  2. ↑ The structure follows the text versions in: Anna Akhmatova: Poem without a hero. Poems and poems, Russian and German (= Reclams Universal Library. Vol. 795). Philipp Reclam jun., Leipzig 1982, 2nd, extended. Ed., Pp. 142-201; as well as in: Anna Achmatova: Gedichte. Russian and German. Re-poems by Heinz Czechowski. Ed. U. with e. Nachw. Vers. by Ilma Rakusa . Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1988, 1990 3 , ISBN 3-518-01983-X .
  3. ↑ With the omission of stanzas 9 and 10 in imitation of two omitted stanzas in Pushkin's Eugene Onegin . Cf. Anna Akhmatova: Poem without a hero. Poems and poems, Russian and German (= Reclams Universal Library. Vol. 795). Adaptations by Heinz Czechowski, Uwe Grüning, Rainer Kirsch and Sarah Kirsch. Interlinear translations by Oskar Törne. Translation of the prose texts by Fritz Mierau, Werner Rode and Eckhard Thiele. Edited by Fritz Mierau. Philipp Reclam jun., Leipzig 1982, 2nd, extended. Ed., Pp. 186f. Note 21 and the explanation p. 203.
  4. ↑ See p. 147 note **.
  5. ↑ lyrik-kabinett.de . See also the reference in Art. Kay Borowsky .
  6. ↑ See the comment on the text edition. Leipzig 1982 2 (see above).