Aloe-leaved felt hat moss
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Aloe-leaved felt hat moss ( Pogonatum aloides ) |
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| Pogonatum aloides | ||||||||||||
| ( Hedw. ) P.Beauv. |
The aloe- leaved felt hat moss ( Pogonatum aloides ) is a deciduous moss species from the family Polytrichaceae . It was also known under the synonym Polytrichum aloides Hedw. described.
features
The dark green plants grow in flocks or loose lawns, are 0.5 to 2 centimeters high, not branched and, with their 1 centimeter wide rosettes, are reminiscent of an aloe . The leaves are small in the lower stem section and grow rapidly towards the top. The upper leaves are lanceolate, pointed, 4 to 7 millimeters long and have a broader, hyaline, sheathed leaf base that takes up almost a third of the entire leaf length. The leaf vein extends to the tip of the leaf, it is sawn on the back. Likewise, the leaf margins are sawn down, the individual teeth are multicellular. On the upper side (ventral side) of the leaf blade there are 40 to 60 lamellae, they consist of uniform, smooth cells. The leaf cells are round to four or six-sided, 15 µm in size in the upper part of the leaf, smaller over the basal part and longer and wider in the vaginal part, rhombic to rectangular and hyaline.
The moss is diocesan and is often fruitful, the spores ripen in autumn and winter. The red seta is about 1.5 to 3 inches long. The upright capsule is short cylindrical, initially round and yellow-green, later light brown, dry wrinkled and slightly constricted under the mouth. The capsule lid is conical to short beaked, the kalyptra tomentose.
Ecology and diffusion
The aloe-leaved felt hat moss is a pioneer moss and grows on lime-free, mostly sandy-loamy, alternately moist, light to shady raw soil, more rarely over thin layers of humus or loess loam. Preferred locations are embankments and roadsides in forests, earth margins, cracks in the earth or root plates of fallen trees. It is widespread from the plain to the subalpine level, especially outside the limestone areas.
In Europe it occurs especially in central and moderate latitudes of Northern Europe, outside Europe still in New Zealand, where it was introduced. Information about occurrences in Asia and Africa is probably incorrect.
Varieties
The aloë-leaved felt hat moss sometimes forms bastards with the dwarf felt hat moss , which are described as var. Aloides and var. Minimum. Small and sterile forms of aloe-leaved felt hat moss are often very difficult to distinguish from dwarf felt hat moss.
literature
- * Ruprecht Düll , Barbara Düll-Wunder: Determine mosses easily and reliably. An illustrated excursion guide to the types of Germany and neighboring countries. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2008, ISBN 978-3-494-01427-2 .
- Jan-Peter Frahm , Wolfgang Frey : Moosflora (= UTB . 1250). 4th, revised and expanded edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8252-1250-5 .
- Martin Nebel, Georg Philippi (ed.): The mosses of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 1: General part, special part (Bryophytina I, Andreaeales to Funariales). Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3527-2 .
