Multi-spined

Multi-spined
	Journal of Fish ( Monocirrhus polyacanthus )
Systematics
	Acanthomorphata
	Spinefish (Acanthopterygii)
	Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
	Ovalentaria
	incertae sedis
Family :	Multi-spined
Scientific name
	Polycentridae
	Gill , 1858

The many spines (Polycentridae) are a family of stiassnyiformes in the group of the perch relatives (Percomorphaceae). The five species that are part of the family live in tropical South America and West Africa. They used to be counted among the Nanderbarschen (Nandidae). Today, however, one sees no evidence of a closer relationship. Investigations into the morphology of the eggs suggest the monophyly of the Polycentridae.

features

The Polycentridae are small, high-backed and heavily flattened predatory fish, only 4.5 to 8 centimeters long, well camouflaged between aquatic plants, lurking motionless for prey and sucking them in by suddenly opening their mouths. All Polycentridae are brood-nurturing and take care of eggs and fish larvae.

species

There are five types in four genera:

German name	Scientific name	distribution
	Afronandus sheljuzhkoi ( Meinken , 1954)	Ivory coast .
Leaf fish	Monocirrhus polyacanthus Heckel , 1840	Amazon basin .
African multi-spined	Polycentropsis abbreviata Boulenger , 1901	Nigeria , Cameroon , Gabon .
South American multi-spined	Polycentrus schomburgkii Müller & Troschel , 1849	Trinidad , coastal rivers in Venezuela , Guyana and Brazil .
	Polycentrus jundia Coutinho & Wosiacki , 2014	Rio Negro .

literature

Rupert A. Collins, Ralf Britz, Lukas Rüber: Phylogenetic systematics of leaffishes (Teleostei: Polycentridae, Nandidae). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 53 (4) June 2015 doi: 10.1111 / jzs.12103
Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World. 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken NJ et al. 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 . PDF at researchgate.net

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b Daniel Pires Coutinho, Wolmar Benjamin Wosiacki: A new species of leaffish Polycentrus Müller & Troschel, 1849 (Percomorpha: Polycentridae) from the rio Negro, Brazil . In: Neotropical Ichthyology . tape 12 , no. 4 , 2014, ISSN 1679-6225 , p. 747-753 , doi : 10.1590 / 1982-0224-20140046 ( scielo.br [PDF]).

Web links

Commons : Polycentridae - Collection of images, videos, and audio files

Multi-spined on Fishbase.org (English)

[Coutinho_und_Wosiacki-1] A ^b Daniel Pires Coutinho, Wolmar Benjamin Wosiacki: A new species of leaffish Polycentrus Müller & Troschel, 1849 (Percomorpha: Polycentridae) from the rio Negro, Brazil . In: Neotropical Ichthyology . tape 12 , no. 4 , 2014, ISSN 1679-6225 , p. 747-753 , doi : 10.1590 / 1982-0224-20140046 ( scielo.br [PDF]).