Porsuk Hüyük
Coordinates: 37 ° 30 ′ 52 ″ N , 34 ° 34 ′ 46 ″ E
On the hill Porsuk Hüyük , also Zeyvehöyük , was a Hittite fortress that controlled the access from the highlands to the Cilician Gate and thus to Kizzuwatna . Excavations have been taking place here since 1969 under the direction of Olivier Pelon. His team was able to uncover, among other things, meter-thick fortification walls and a postern. The hill is located about five kilometers north of the town of Porsuk in the Ulukışla district of the Turkish province of Niğde . The place is identified today with the Hittite Tunna .
The fortress was destroyed by fire towards the end of the Great Empire and was repopulated in the Iron Age and under the Romans. In the late Hittite period Porsuk belonged to Tuwana ( Tyana ). From this period comes an inscription in hieroglyphic Luwian , in the Museum of Niğde is kept.
One of the rulers of Tunna was in the late 8th century BC. BC Tarhunaza, a vassal of King Warpalawas of Tabal . He is immortalized in the rock inscription by Bulgarian soldiers, which is about ten kilometers southeast of the Hüyük.
literature
- Sylvestre Dupré: Porsuk I. La céramique de l'âge du Bronze et de l'âge de Fer. Paris 1983.
- Olivier Pelon: The Site of Porsuk and the Beginning of the Iron Age in Southern Cappadocia. In: Altan Çilingiroğlu - David H. French (Ed.): Anatolian Iron Ages 3. The Proceedings of the 3rd Anatolian Iron Ages Colloquium: held at Van, 6-12 August 1990. British Institute of Archeology 16 (1994), pp. 157-162.
- Marie-Henriette Gates, Archeology in Turkey. American Journal of Archeology 100/2, 1996, pp. 277-335.
- Anne-Sophie Crespin: Between Phrygia and Cilicia: The Porsuk Area at the Beginning of the Iron Age. in: Anatolian Iron Ages 4. Proceedings of the Fourth Anatolian Iron Ages Colloquium Held at Mersin, May 19-23, 1997. Anatolian Studies 49, 1999, pp. 61-71.
- Hasan Bahar: The Konya Region in the Iron Age and Its Relations with Cilicia. In: Anatolian Iron Ages 4. Proceedings of the Fourth Anatolian Iron Ages Colloquium Held at Mersin, May 19-23, 1997. Anatolian Studies 49, 1999, pp. 1-10.
- John David Hawkins : A Hieroglyphic Hittite Inscription from Porsuk. Anatolian Studies 19, 1969, pp. 99-109.
- Charles Allen Burney: Northern Anatolia before Classical Times. Anatolian Studies 6, Special Number in Honor and in Memory of Professor John Garstang, 1956, pp. 179-203.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Horst Ehringhaus : The end that was a beginning. Rock reliefs and rock inscriptions of the Luwian states of Asia Minor from 12. to 8./7. Century BC Chr. Nünnerich-Asmus, Mainz 2014, ISBN 978-3-943904-67-3 , p. 67.