Presidential Council (Head of State)

A presidential council as head of state represents an organizational form of the executive branch in which a multi-member body takes the place of the president or king .

Historical examples

Presidential councilors as heads of state usually arise in the transition phase of states:

In April 1990, a Presidential Council was set up in the Soviet Union for Mikhail Gorbachev , who was elected President of the USSR on March 14, 1990 , and comprised sixteen of the most important political decision-makers. The Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union lost influence.
In the Hungarian People's Republic from 1949 to 1989, the Presidential Council was the collective head of state, headed by a chairman.
Since the fall of Saddam Hussein , Iraq has had a presidential council headed by Kurdish , Shiite and Sunni representatives. A government can only be appointed by consensus.
In February 2004, Kofi Annan's plan for the reunification of Cyprus provided for the establishment of a Presidential Council consisting of four Cypriot Greeks and two Cypriot Turks , whose chairmanship should change every ten months, following the example of the Swiss Federal Council .
During the 2011 revolution in Egypt , after the resignation of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak , the opposition demanded the establishment of a presidential council. The army used the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces instead .
In July 2011, suggested Abdul Ilah al-Khatib in his role as Special Envoy of the United Nations for the beleaguered civil war Libya a presidential council before to come to a truce. This should have been filled with two representatives from the east and two from the west of the then two-part country. The holder of the fifth seat should have been chosen by the four others.