Prednisone
| Structural formula | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| General | |||||||||||||||||||
| Non-proprietary name | Prednisone | ||||||||||||||||||
| other names |
17,21-dihydroxy-1,4-pregnadiene-3,11,20-trione |
||||||||||||||||||
| Molecular formula | C 21 H 26 O 5 | ||||||||||||||||||
| External identifiers / databases | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| Drug information | |||||||||||||||||||
| ATC code | |||||||||||||||||||
| Drug class | |||||||||||||||||||
| properties | |||||||||||||||||||
| Molar mass | 358.43 g mol −1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Physical state |
firmly |
||||||||||||||||||
| Melting point |
236-238 ° C |
||||||||||||||||||
| safety instructions | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||
| As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . | |||||||||||||||||||
Prednisone (formerly also called metacortandracin ) is an artificial glucocorticoid . It is a precursor and is converted into the active substance prednisolone in the liver .
use
Prednisone is a potent immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory agent. It can therefore be used for many diseases in which the immune system is causally involved ( autoimmune diseases ), an inflammatory reaction of the body is not desired (such as asthma or allergy ) or z. B. to prevent rejection after organ transplantation .
Prednisone is also used as part of chemotherapy for various types of cancer (e.g. acute lymphoblastic leukemia , Hodgkin's lymphoma , non-Hodgkin's lymphoma ).
history
Prednisone was discovered in the early 1950s by Arthur Nobile , an employee of Schering-Plow / USA, and approved by the American FDA in 1955. In the early 1960s, prednisone was marketed under the brand name Meticorten.
Dependency
If prednisone is taken for longer than seven days, the body's own production of glucocorticoids in the adrenal gland is restricted and the patient becomes dependent on artificial prednisone intake. For this reason, prednisone should not be stopped suddenly if treatment continues for more than 1–2 weeks, but the dose should be reduced slowly. This weaning usually only takes a few days after short-term prednisone use, but can take weeks or even months after long-term treatment.
Abrupt prednisone withdrawal can lead to life-threatening conditions related to Addison's disease ( Addison's crisis ).
Trade names
Decortin (D), Predni Tablinen (D), Rectodelt (D), various generics (D, CH)
Fluorex (A)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Datasheet Prednisone from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on December 8, 2018 ( PDF ).
- ↑ C. Karagiannidis: Glucocorticoids upregulate FOXP3 expression and regulatory T cells in asthma. In: J Allergy Clin Immunol . 114 (6), Dec 2004, pp. 1425-1433.
- ↑ gofeminin.de GmbH, 51149 Koeln, Germany: Prednison HEXAL 20mg / -50mg: Effect & Dosage - Onmeda.de . In: onmeda.de . ( onmeda.de [accessed on July 4, 2017]).
- ↑ S. Sbiera, T. Dexneit, SD Reichardt, KD Michel, J. van den Brandt, S. Schmull, L. Kraus, M. Beyer, R. Mlynski, S. Wortmann, B. Allolio, HM Reichardt, M. Fassnacht: Influence of short-term glucocorticoid therapy on regulatory T cells in vivo. In: PloS one. Volume 6, number 9, 2011, p. E24345, doi : 10.1371 / journal.pone.0024345 , PMID 21912688 , PMC 3166315 (free full text).
- ^ MedicineNet: Steroid Drug Withdrawal - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment
