Protestantism in Ukraine
The Protestantism in Ukraine consists of several Protestant communities and churches . In 2016, around 1% of the Ukrainians surveyed belonged to one of these communities.
history
Kingdom of Poland-Lithuania
The first Reformation supporters began to appear in the Ruthenian areas of the Kingdom of Poland-Lithuania in the 1530s . In 1536 there was a first community of radical Reformation Anabaptists in Włódzimierz Wołynśki . Some nobles converted to Lutheranism, later mainly to Calvinism .
In the first half of the 17th century, communities of the anti-Trinitiatic Unitarians ( Socinians ) emerged, who spread as Polish Brothers in Poland-Lithuania until the Counter-Reformation .
Russian Empire
Lutheran Congregation in Kiev
In 1767, the first traditional Lutheran service was celebrated by Germans in Kiev .
Mennonite communities
At the end of the 18th century, Mennonites from West Prussia came to the Black Sea coast and founded their own communities there. They laid the foundation for the history of the so-called Russian mennonites . In 1860 the Mennonite Brethren, with a pietistic orientation, were founded among the Russian-German Mennonites . Most of the Mennonite settlers were later driven out under Stalin.
Lutheran congregations on the Black Sea coast
German settlers from Württemberg and the Palatinate founded Lutheran communities on the Black Sea coast. In 1801 the first Lutheran service was celebrated in Odessa .
Baptists
In 1864 the first Baptist communities of German settlers emerged in Volhynia .
Lessonists
Influenced by German settlers, free-church stundist parishes emerged in the Ukrainian population since the 1860s .
Austrian Empire
Since 1781 Lutheran and Reformed congregations of recruited German settlers emerged in Galicia . In 1804 the Superintendentur Galizien of the Evangelical Church AB in Austria was formed.
Second Polish Republic
In 1920 the German Lutheran and Reformed congregations in Galicia founded the Evangelical Churches A. and HB in Lesser Poland . In 1926 the Ukrainian Evangelical Church AB was formed as the first Lutheran church for the Ukrainian population.
Ukrainian SSR
In the Soviet Union, all Protestant communities were pushed back and largely dissolved by the end of the 1930s.
Ukraine
Since 1990 various Protestant communities have been founded again, with the influence from Western Europe and North America being particularly strong and being viewed very critically by the local Orthodox and Catholic churches. In 1992, a German Evangelical Lutheran Church of Ukraine was formed , which, however, only has a few thousand members and has been marked by internal rifts since 2014.
Baptists
The largest Protestant group are Baptist communities. The All-Ukrainian Union of Churches of Evangelical Christians-Baptists is an amalgamation of Evangelical Christians and Baptists as well as other smaller Evangelical Free Churches from the Soviet era. Around 90% of all municipalities are organized in it. There are also other communities.
Pentecostal churches
The second largest group are Pentecostal churches .
Seventh-day Adventists
The Seventh-day Adventists are another large free church community in Ukraine.
Reformed churches
The Reformed Church in Transcarpathia has 135,000 members, mainly among the non-Catholic Hungarians in the Sub- Carpathian Mountains . There are also other small Reformed churches.
Lutheran churches
The Ukrainian Lutheran Church consists of a few small congregations with around 2,500 members. It is oriented towards a very orthodox Lutheranism and largely rejects the liberal reforms of the 19th and 20th centuries. The liturgy follows the Byzantine rite in a revised version in Ukrainian. She rejects the ordination of women and, like the Orthodox churches, follows the Julian calendar .
The German Evangelical Lutheran Church of Ukraine currently consists of 20 parishes with around 2,000 members, mostly of Ukrainian-German origin. In addition, there are 11 other congregations with around 1,000 members who have left the DELKU, among them the German Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Kiev .
See also
literature
- Pavlo Khiminets: Protestantism in Ukraine. The role and position of Protestantism in the socio-cultural context of the history of Ukraine. Peter Lang, International Science Publishing House, Frankfurt a. M. (and others) 2006. (= Friedensauer Schriftenreihe. Series A: Theologie, 8th) ISBN 978-3-631-55791-4 .
Remarks
- ↑ Representative survey of 2014 people by the Kiev International Institute of Sociology Релігійна самоідентичність і молитва в Україні , Tables 7 and 10 (Ukrainian)
- ↑ Lorenz Hein: Italian Protestants and their influence on the Reformation in Poland during the two decades before the Sandomir Consensus 1570 , Brill, Leiden 1974, ISBN 978-9-00403-893-6
- ↑ cf. German Evangelical Lutheran Congregation in Kiev
- ↑ cf. German Evangelical Lutheran Church of St. Paul in Odessa