Prumnopitys ferruginea
| Prumnopitys ferruginea | ||||||||||||
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Prumnopitys ferruginea |
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| Prumnopitys ferruginea | ||||||||||||
| ( G.Benn. Ex D.Don ) de Laub. |
Prumnopitys ferruginea is a plant from the genus Prumnopitys within the family of podocarpaceae (Podocarpaceae). It occurs in New Zealand and is called Brown pine there andcalled Miroby the Maori .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Prumnopitys ferruginea grows as an evergreen tree that reaches heights of up to 25 meters and a trunk diameter of up to 1.3 meters. The almost needle-shaped leaves are straight to sickle-shaped, 15 to 25 millimeters long and 2 to 3 millimeters wide with curved edges.
Generative characteristics
Prumnopitys ferruginea is dioeciously segregated ( diocesan ). The male inflorescences are solitary, the female hang down from a curved, scaly stem. The cone is highly modified and reduced to a 2 to 3 centimeter long stem that carries one to three scales. Each scale ripens into a red to purple, berry-like, oval, 20 millimeter long and 10 to 15 millimeter wide aril , which is soft, edible and envelops a single seed.
Differentiation between Prumnopitys ferruginea and Prumnopitys taxifolia
Prumnopitys ferruginea differs from the related, similar species Prumnopitys taxifolia (Matai) in the cones, bark, and needles:
- Prumnopitys ferruginea have longer, wider needles with a green underside, Prumnopitys taxifolia has a white underside of leaves. The needles of Prumnopitys ferruginea taper to a point, those of Prumnopitys taxifolia are rounded, sometimes with a small point at the extreme end.
- Prumnopitys ferruginea have red-tinged cones, those of Prumnopitys taxifolia are blue-black. The cones of Prumnopitys ferruginea are also relatively longer and oval.
- In both species, the bark flakes off in flakes and leaves a hammer-like pattern. However, Prumnopitys ferruginea does not have such a distinctive and colorful pattern. In Prumnopitys taxifolia , the areas where the bark has recently fallen are often bright red and gradually fade to brown.
ecology
The seeds are spread by the Maori fruit pigeon (Kererū), which eats the aril and its seeds and excretes the seeds again.
Occurrence
Prumnopitys ferruginea occurs in New Zealand . It occurs both in the lowlands and on the slopes of hills on both main islands as well as Stewart Island .
Systematics
The first description was in 1832 under the name ( Basionym ) Podocarpus ferrugineus by George Bennett in David Don : A Description of the Genus Pinus. 2, page 189. The specific epithet ferruginea is derived from the rust-brown color of the dried leaves in the herbarium . The new combination to Prumnopitys ferruginea (G.Benn. Ex D.Don) de Laub. was published in 1978 by David John de Laubenfels in Blumea , 24, 1, page 190. Further synonyms for Prumnopitys ferruginea (G.Benn. Ex D.Don) de Laub. are: Nageia ferruginea (G.Benn. ex D.Don) F.Muell. , Stachycarpus ferrugineus (G.Benn. Ex D.Don) Tiegh.
literature
- John Dawson, Rob Lucas: Nature guide to the New Zealand forest . Godwit, Auckland 2000, ISBN 1-86962-055-0 .
- L. Cockyane, E. Phillips Turner: The Trees of New Zealand . Government printer, Wellington 1943.
- AL Poole, NM Adams: Trees and shrubs of New Zealand . Government printer, Wellington 1963.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Christopher J. Earle: Prumnopitys ferruginea. In: The Gymnosperm Database. March 14, 2019, accessed May 15, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Prumnopitys ferruginea at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed May 15, 2019.
Web links
- Prumnopitys ferruginea at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- Miro. Archived from the original on May 4, 2013 ; accessed on January 16, 2016 (English, photos of tree and branch with cones).
- Prumnopitys ferruginea in the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN 2013.2. Posted by: A. Farjon, 2011. Retrieved November 29, 2013.