Pseudocenter
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Pseudocentrum is a genus from the family of the orchid (Orchidaceae). It is made up of 13 types of herbaceous plants that are native to tropical America.
description
The species of the genus Pseudocentrum are terrestrial herbaceous plants with an ascending, rhizome-like base and fleshy roots. Several leaves stand in a loose rosette. They are petiolate, the leaf blade is lanceolate to oval.
The racemose , terminal inflorescence is more or less densely covered with numerous flowers . The peduncle carries several bracts . The ovary is stalked or sessile, hairless or hairy depending on the species. The flowers are not resupinated . The dorsal sepal is free, rather narrow, more less hooded, sometimes turned back. The lateral sepals are fused together in various ways, they either form a long, spur-like tube or a helmet, their tips are free, fleshy and spread out. The petals are narrow and adhere to the side of the column , from about the middle they are free and knocked back. The lip is fused with the column at the base, three-lobed, the side lobes are parallel to the column, the middle lobe is long and linear, the edges are curved, completely hidden by the fused part of the sepals. The column is very short, laterally with two wings from the base to the scar . The scar is oval across the column axis, the edges are thickened. The stamen contains a total of four pollinia of different sizes in two chambers . These hang over stalks on a small adhesive disk (Viscidium). The dividing tissue between the stigma and the stamen (rostellum) is straight, it ends with a pointed tip.
Occurrence
Pseudocentrum occurs in the Andes of South America from Peru via Ecuador to Colombia and on to Panama and Costa Rica, also on some islands in the Caribbean. Altitudes from 1700 to 3200 meters are populated. The locations are in the shade of damp forests.
Systematics and botanical history
The genus Pseudocentrum was established by Lindley in 1858 . The name is made up of the Greek words ψεῦδος pseudos , "false", and κέντρον kentron , "spur". It refers to the fact that the spur is not formed by the lip, but by the outer petals. Type species is Pseudocentrum macrostachyum .
Pseudocentrum is classified within the tribe Cranichideae in the subtribe Cranichidinae .
The following types are known:
- Pseudocentrum bursarium Rchb.f. : It occurs in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
- Pseudocentrum cauliifolium Szlach. & Kolan. : The species first described in 2016 occurs in Ecuador.
- Pseudocentrum glabrum J.S. Moreno & PAHarding : The species first described in 2016 occurs in Colombia.
- Pseudocentrum guadalupense Cogn. in I.Urban : It occurs only in Guadeloupe .
- Pseudocentrum hirtzii Szlach. & Kolan. : The species first described in 2016 occurs in Ecuador.
- Pseudocentrum hoffmannii (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f. : It occurs from Costa Rica to western Panama.
- Pseudocentrum kayi Szlach. & Kolan. : The species first described in 2015 occurs in northern Peru.
- Pseudocentrum macrostachyum Lindl. : It occurs in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
- Pseudocentrum magnicalcar Szlach. & Kolan. : The species first described in 2016 occurs in Ecuador.
- Pseudocentrum minus Benth. : It occurs in Hispaniola and Jamaica.
- Pseudocentrum purdii Garay : It occurs in Colombia.
- Pseudocentrum sylvicola Rchb.f. : It occurs in Colombia, Ecuador and western Bolivia.
- Pseudocentrum tandayapense Szlach. & Kolan. : It occurs in Ecuador.
See also
literature
- Leslie A. Garay: 225 (1). Orchidaceae (Cypripedioideae, Orchidoideae and Neottioideae) . In: Gunnar Harling, Benkt Sparre (ed.): Flora of Ecuador . tape 9 , 1978, ISSN 0347-8742 , p. 179 .
- Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3 . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Pseudocentrum. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 19, 2018.
- ↑ a b c James D. Ackerman, Alec Pridgeon: Pseudocentrum . In: Genera Orchidacearum . Vol. 3, pp. 51-52.
- ↑ Leslie Garay: Pseudocentrum . In: Flora of Ecuador . Vol. 9, p. 179.