Putuo Zongcheng Temple

Putuo Zongcheng Temple

The Putuo Zongcheng Temple or Temple of the Potaraka Doctrine ( 普陀 宗 乘 之 庙 , Pǔtuózōngshèng zhī miào , English Putuo Zongsheng Temple / Temple of the Potaraka Doctrine ), also known as the " Small Potala Temple ", is one of the eight outer ones Temple in Chengde (Jehol) in the Chinese province of Hebei . The Buddhist temple is located in the north of the park complex of the summer palace on the north side of the "Lion Valley" on a hill.

The temple was built in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty between 1767 and 1771. The plant covers an area of ​​220,000 square meters. It was built in the style of the Han Chinese and Tibetans . Its main building, the so-called Great Red Terrace ( Dahongtai ) replicates the central building of the Tibetan Potala Palace in Lhasa . The Chinese word Pǔtuózōngchéng 普陀 宗 乘 is a translation of the Tibetan word for potala.

The temple was built in 1771 to celebrate the 60th birthday of Emperor Qianlong (r. 1735–1796, died 1799) and his mother's 80th birthday. At that time, the Kalmyk tribe of the Torguts (see Oirat Mongols ), who had settled in the Volga catchment area at the end of the Ming dynasty , returned to Chinese territory. Qianlong received the Kalmuck leader Ubashi Khan from the Torguten tribe in this temple .

In the temple there are four-language memorial plaques with stone engravings in Manchurian , Chinese , Mongolian and Tibetan script , inscriptions that commemorate the events of the return of the Torguten to China.

Putuo Zongcheng Temple ( Putuo Zongcheng zhi miao ) has been on the list of monuments of the People's Republic of China (1-117) since 1961 .

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literature

• Zhongguo da baike quanshu: Wenwu. Bowuguan [Great Chinese Encyclopedia: Volume of Cultural Objects. Museums]. Beijing: Zhongguo da baike quanshu chubanshe, 1993
• Cihai ("Sea of ​​Words"), Shanghai cishu chubanshe, Shanghai 2002, ISBN 7-5326-0839-5

Web links

Commons : Putuo Zongcheng Temple  - Collection of Pictures, Videos and Audio Files

References and footnotes

1. ↑ From originally eleven.
2. ↑ 狮子 沟 , Shizi Gou
3. ↑ The presentation of this article is partly based on that of Cihai , article: Putuo Zongcheng zhi miao 普陀 宗 乘 之 庙 .
4. ↑ 大红 台
5. ↑ Chin. 布达拉 Bùdálā, Potala , the Pure Land of the Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara
6. ↑ Chinese 渥巴锡 , Wobaxi ; the Cihai gives his life dates with 1742-1775.
7. ↑ 土尔扈特 全部 归顺 记 , Turhute quanbu guishun ji and 优 恤 土尔扈特 部 众 记 , Youxu Turhute bu zhong ji "A Record of the Torghut Tribe Coming Over and Pledging Allegiance & A Record of Showing Solicitude for Torghut Tribe "(according to chinahighlights.com ( memento of October 15, 2008 in the Internet Archive )); see. Peter C. Perdue: China marches west: the Qing conquest of Central Eurasia , p. 632, Martin Gimm: Kaiser Qianlong (1711-1799) als Poet (PDF file; 2.46 MB) , p. 72 f. and James A. Millward: " What did the Qianlong court mean by huairou yuanren ? An examination of Manchu, Mongol and Tibetan Translations of the Term as it Appears in Chengde Steles ( Memento of July 18, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) ".

Coordinates: 41 ° 0 ′ 45 ″  N , 117 ° 55 ′ 40 ″  E