Quirinus from Neuss

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The statue of St. Quirinus watches over the city on the dome of the Neuss Minster .
Quirinus on the dome of the Quirinus Minster Neuss
The shrine of St. Quirinus in the cathedral of the city of Neuss is the destination of many pilgrims.

According to Christian tradition, Quirinus von Rom or Quirinus von Neuss was a Roman tribune and Christian martyr from the 2nd century who was beheaded under Emperor Hadrian (117-138).

Legend

There are many legends surrounding Quirinus' life, but there are no reliable historical sources. After his 6/7 Written in the 17th century, he was a Roman tribune jailer of St. Alexander and converted to Christianity with his daughter Balbina . Persecuted and beheaded as a Christian under Emperor Hadrian , he was buried in the Praetextatus catacombs on the Via Appia in Rome. Pope Leo IX gave - who in 15./16. According to local legend, which originated in the 17th century - in 1050 the relics of his alleged sister Gepa, abbess in the canonical monastery in Neuss . The St. Quirinus Church in Neuss was built in honor of his relics, which are kept in a precious golden reliquary . However, a Quirinus veneration and a Quirinus festival on April 30th - the day of his translation - can already be proven in Neuss, but possibly originally referred to Quirinus of Siscia .

iconography

Quirinus is depicted with a martyr's palm and especially since the 16./17. Century as a Roman officer with helmet, lance, flag, coat of arms. As Quirinus von Neuss, he often wears a coat of arms or a flag with nine spheres. The nine spheres establish a folk etymological relationship between the Roman name of Neuss Castrum novaesium and the Latin number novem = nine.

Representations of St. Quirinus as a bishop, however, refer to saints of the same name from the 3rd and 4th centuries, bishops of Rouen and Sisak in Croatia.

Adoration

Quirinus has been the patron saint of Neuss since the 11th century , his festival is April 30th, it is celebrated in the Archdiocese of Cologne and in Neuss (here Solemn Festival ) in memory of the traditional day of the Translatio (if it is a Sunday, otherwise takes place on the following Sunday there is a relic procession). The relics are kept in a precious shrine in the Quirinus Minster (1209–1250) in Neuss, which was specially built for the occasion . An older shrine is on loan from the Münster parish in the Clemens Sels Museum . The newer shrine, which is a foundation of Neuss citizens for the Quirinus anniversary in 1900, was designed by the Aachen goldsmith Bernhard Witte and manufactured in his Aachen workshop August Witte GmbH , with some saints, bishops and the seated figure as well as the relief with scenes attributed to the life of Saint Quirin his brother August Witte (2).

His admiration quickly spread across Europe. Along with Hubertus , Cornelius and Antonius the hermit, he is one of the four holy marshals . He is still the patron saint of horses, cattle and knights and is invoked against leg and foot ailments, gout, paralysis, pus ulcers, skin rashes, plague, earache, goiter, fistulas, damaged bones, smallpox and horse diseases. Neuss thus became one of the most important pilgrimage sites in the Rhineland in the Middle Ages (alongside Cologne and Aachen). In addition to contemplating the miraculous relics, the aim was to drink the miraculous water from the saint's "brainshell".

To this day (especially around April 30th) people make pilgrimages to the Quirinus Shrine ( Basilica minor since 2009 ). In 2008, Pastor Guido Assmann established the tradition of the Quirinus pilgrimage octave, which has since preceded the festival with the relic procession.

The song of St. Quirinus

  1. I send my greeting to you, /
    fall humbly on foot /
    holy Quirinus! /
    Hear my pleading /
    and be my helper in sorrow /
    holy Quirinus!
  2. Whatever troubles the body and soul /
    next to God may you also complain, /
    holy Quirinus! /
    Poverty, misery, fear and need, /
    Illness, dearth, war and death, /
    holy Quirinus!
  3. Then accept yourself, O man of God, /
    all who honor you, /
    holy Quirinus! /
    Those who are bowed down in humility /
    imploring your intercession, /
    holy Quirinus!
  4. Nothing still has what you desire /
    the Lord has ever denied you /
    holy Quirinus! /
    You only present
    our suffering to the Most High in the Sel'gen choir /
    holy Quirinus!
  5. Pray for us to the son /
    there on his father's throne /
    holy Quirinus! /
    That we
    are not at all afraid of toil and grief on this earth /
    holy Quirinus!
  6. Pray that we should with joy /
    carry everything in time /
    holy Quirinus! /
    And there once as an eternal reward / also
    wear the winners crown, /
    holy Quirinus!
  7. Beseech that we by the hand of God /
    keep the state of grace /
    holy Quirinus! /
    Beseech 'that good work /
    our glory be, our strength', /
    holy Quirinus!
  8. This is what we beg for, /
    let us see your help, /
    holy Quirinus! /
    Bless us with a gentle hand, /
    our city and country, /
    holy Quirinus!
St. Lambrecht monastery church, so-called Quirinus wall

(Text and music: Julius Busch, 1900)

In the monastery church of the former Dominican convent Lambrecht (Rhineland-Palatinate) there is a complete choir wall with the vita of St. Quirinus in Secco painting from around 1400.

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Quirinus von Neuss  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Erich Wimmer: Quirinus v. Neuss . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 8 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1999, Sp. 777 .
  2. ↑ St. Quirinus Shrine Neuss
personal data
SURNAME Quirinus from Neuss
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Quirinus of Rome
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Roman martyr and tribune
DATE OF BIRTH 1st century
DATE OF DEATH at 115