Radio modulator

Radio modulators ( English chemical modifiers of radiation response ) are agents engaged in the radiation therapy may be used and after their administration , the effect of ionizing radiation on body tissues specifically influenced. You can either increase the radiation sensitivity of malignant cells ( cancer ) ( radiosensitizer ) or reduce the radiation sensitivity of normal tissue ( radio protectors ).

The radio modulators are divided into the following groups:

Cytostatics with a radiosensitizing effect
- classic cytostatic agents such as cisplatin , 5-fluorouracil , vindesine , hydroxyurea , doxorubicin or actinomycin D.
- bioreductive substances that have a cytotoxic effect in a hypoxic environment, such as mitomycin C , porfiromycin or tirapazamine .
Real radio sensitizers (→ main article radio sensitizers )
Antiproliferative substances influencing signal transduction , farnesyl transferase inhibition (anti- EGF , tyrosine kinase inhibitor )
Biological (endogenous) substances such as interferons , interleukin-2 or gestagens
Antiangiogenic substances
- Angiogenesis inhibitors
- VEGF blocker
- Matrix metalloprotease inhibitors
Medicines that change blood circulation, such as nicotinamide or efaproxiral , cancer immunotherapies or apoptosis inducers
Radioprotectors such as amifostine , serotonin , melatonin or pyridoxine

Most radio modulators have not yet been approved as drugs . Some active ingredients are approved for other indications .

literature

AJ Chalmers, SM Bentzen, FM Buffa: A general framework for quantifying the effects of DNA repair inhibitors on radiation sensitivity as a function of dose. In: Theoretical biology & medical modeling. Volume 4, 2007, ISSN 1742-4682 , p. 25, doi : 10.1186 / 1742-4682-4-25 , PMID 17640390 , PMC 1950494 (free full text).
DJ Chaplin, MR Horsman: Tumor blood flow changes induced by chemical modifiers of radiation response. In: International Journal of Radiation Oncology - Biology - Physics . Volume 22, Number 3, 1992, ISSN 0360-3016 , pp. 459-462, PMID 1735678 .
JF Fowler: Eighth annual Juan del Regato lecture. Chemical modifiers of radiosensitivity – theory and reality: a review. In: International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics. Volume 11, Number 4, April 1985, ISSN 0360-3016 , pp. 665-674, PMID 3884559 (review).
TL Phillips: Chemical modifiers of cancer treatment. In: International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics. Volume 10, Number 9, September 1984, ISSN 0360-3016 , pp. 1791-1794, PMID 6480462 .

Individual evidence

^ W. Rhomberg, J. Dunst: Radiosensitizer. In: HJ Schmoll, K. Höffken, K. Possinger (Eds.): Compendium of internal oncology standards in diagnostics and therapy. Springer, 2005, ISBN 3-540-20657-4 , p. 619 ( limited preview in Google book search).
^ R. Angioli, BU Sevin, JP Perras, M. Untch, RD Hightower, HN Nguyen, A. Steren, C. Villani, HE Averette: Rationale of combining radiation and interferon for the treatment of cervical cancer. In: Oncology. Volume 49, Number 6, 1992, ISSN 0030-2414 , pp. 445-449, PMID 1281535 (review).
^ Viani GA, Manta GB, Fonseca EC, De Fendi LI, Afonso SL, Stefano EJ: Whole brain radiotherapy with radiosensitizer for brain metastases. In: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research . Volume 28, 2009, ISSN 1756-9966 , p. 1, doi : 10.1186 / 1756-9966-28-1 , PMID 19126230 , PMC 2648943 (free full text).
↑ R. Roth: Supportive oncological therapy: cytoprotection with amifostine. In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt. 93, 1996, A-331 / B-281 / C-263
↑ JR Maisin, C. Albert, A. Henry: Reduction of short-term radiation lethality by biological response modifiers given alone or in association with other chemical protectors. In: Radiation research. Volume 135, Number 3, September 1993, ISSN 0033-7587 , pp. 332-337, PMID 8397428 .
↑ A. Shirazi, G. Ghobadi, M. Ghazi-Khansari: A radiobiological review on melatonin: a novel radioprotector. In: Journal of radiation research. Volume 48, Number 4, July 2007, ISSN 0449-3060 , pp. 263-272, PMID 17641465 (review).
↑ D. Thotala, S. Chetyrkin, B. Hudson, D. Hallahan, P. Voziyan, E. Yazlovitskaya: Pyridoxamine protects intestinal epithelium from ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis. In: Free Radical Biology and Medicine . Volume 47, Number 6, September 2009, ISSN 1873-4596 , pp. 779-785, doi : 10.1016 / j.freeradbiomed.2009.06.020 , PMID 19540915 , PMC 2739572 (free full text).

[schmoll-1] W. Rhomberg, J. Dunst: Radiosensitizer. In: HJ Schmoll, K. Höffken, K. Possinger (Eds.): Compendium of internal oncology standards in diagnostics and therapy. Springer, 2005, ISBN 3-540-20657-4 , p. 619 ( limited preview in Google book search).

[PMID1281535-2] R. Angioli, BU Sevin, JP Perras, M. Untch, RD Hightower, HN Nguyen, A. Steren, C. Villani, HE Averette: Rationale of combining radiation and interferon for the treatment of cervical cancer. In: Oncology. Volume 49, Number 6, 1992, ISSN 0030-2414 , pp. 445-449, PMID 1281535 (review).

[PMID19126230-3] Viani GA, Manta GB, Fonseca EC, De Fendi LI, Afonso SL, Stefano EJ: Whole brain radiotherapy with radiosensitizer for brain metastases. In: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research . Volume 28, 2009, ISSN 1756-9966 , p. 1, doi : 10.1186 / 1756-9966-28-1 , PMID 19126230 , PMC 2648943 (free full text).

[4] R. Roth: Supportive oncological therapy: cytoprotection with amifostine. In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt. 93, 1996, A-331 / B-281 / C-263

[5] JR Maisin, C. Albert, A. Henry: Reduction of short-term radiation lethality by biological response modifiers given alone or in association with other chemical protectors. In: Radiation research. Volume 135, Number 3, September 1993, ISSN 0033-7587 , pp. 332-337, PMID 8397428 .

[6] A. Shirazi, G. Ghobadi, M. Ghazi-Khansari: A radiobiological review on melatonin: a novel radioprotector. In: Journal of radiation research. Volume 48, Number 4, July 2007, ISSN 0449-3060 , pp. 263-272, PMID 17641465 (review).

[7] D. Thotala, S. Chetyrkin, B. Hudson, D. Hallahan, P. Voziyan, E. Yazlovitskaya: Pyridoxamine protects intestinal epithelium from ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis. In: Free Radical Biology and Medicine . Volume 47, Number 6, September 2009, ISSN 1873-4596 , pp. 779-785, doi : 10.1016 / j.freeradbiomed.2009.06.020 , PMID 19540915 , PMC 2739572 (free full text).