Creeping larkspur
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Creeping Larkspur ( Ceratocapnos claviculata ) |
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| Ceratocapnos claviculata | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) Lidén |
The climbing lark spur ( Ceratocapnos claviculata , syn .: Corydalis claviculata L.) is a species of plant from the subfamily of the fumed plants (Fumarioideae) within the poppy family (Papaveraceae). In some overviews, the smoke plants are also treated as a family. A synonym of the species is Corydalis claviculata . The genus Ceratocapnos , which has since been separated from the genus Corydalis, comprises a total of three species.
features
The filigree, annual plant (deciduous therophyte ) climbs liana-like with the help of its tendrils between other plants and reaches growth lengths of 50 to 100 centimeters. The winding tendrils have formed instead of the uppermost lateral leaflets of the multi-pinnate leaves . The thin stems are square. The single-flowered racemose inflorescence branches sympodially and seems to face the leaves. The yellow-white, zygomorphic flowers are about 6 mm long and have a short, blunt spur. They appear between June and September. The capsule fruit contains only two or three seeds.
The chromosome number is 2n = 32.
Location requirements
The climbing lark's spur thrives in semi-shady forest clearings, clear-cutting and at the edges of the forest on lime-poor (acidic), fresh soils. It rests on the undergrowth of Atlantic-toned forest and fringing communities, for example grassy populations of wire- smiths in light pine or oak-birch forest. In corridors with pioneer vegetation, e.g. from narrow-leaved willowherb , climbing larkspur even forms the association character of the plant community Epilobio-Corydaletum claviculatae R. Tx. 1937. In addition, it also appears in companies of the Origanetalia order or the Alliarion association.
distribution
This species is atlantic in Europe, i.e. widespread in the western part. Within Germany, the occurrence is accordingly largely limited to the northwestern lowlands (namely Lower Saxony ). In addition, it usually only occurs locally.
A possible area expansion of the climbing larkspur is the subject of ongoing discussion. In the Ellenberg pointer values classified as "Euocean" (= strongly Atlantic species with only a few outposts in Central Europe), Ceratocapnos claviculata has meanwhile expanded its area in places to the Central European flora beyond the 14th degree of longitude east, even though it was spread by ants ( myrmekochore ) kind should actually be a bad colonizer. But also within the traditional occurrence area, a rapid spread of the climbing larkspur has been observed for several years. The reasons for this are assumed to be nitrogen enrichment as a result of air pollution, on the one hand, and climate changes towards milder, weaker winters, on the other.
Systematics
One can distinguish between two subspecies:
- Ceratocapnos claviculata subsp. claviculata
- Ceratocapnos claviculata subsp. picta (Samp.) Lidén (Syn .: Corydalis claviculata var. picta Samp. ): It occurs only in northern Portugal near Vila Nova de Paiva .
Sources and further information
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 429 .
- ^ A b Richard Pott: The Plant Societies of Germany. - Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1992. ISBN 3-8252-8067-5
- ↑ Heinz Ellenberg : Pointer values of the vascular plants of Central Europe. - Scripta Geobotanica IX, Verlag Erich Goltze, Göttingen, 2nd, improved. 1979 edition.
- ↑ Osnabrücker Naturwissenschaftliche Mitteilungen, Volume 28 (2002): pp. 117–135.
- ↑ a b Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen: Atlas florae europaeae . Volume 9 (Paeoniaceae to Capparaceae). Page 81, Helsinki 1991. ISBN 951-9108-08-4 .
literature
- Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
- Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . - Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 6th edition 1990. ISBN 3-8001-3454-3
- Oskar Sebald : Guide through nature. Wild plants of Central Europe. ADAC Verlag, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-87003-352-5 .
- Deni Bown: Dumont's Great Herbal Encyclopedia. - DuMont, Cologne 1998. ISBN 3-7701-4607-7
Web links
- Creeping larkspur. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Creeping larkspur . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
- Profile at Dutch wind plants (NL)
- Pictures: [1] [2] [3]