Ivy-leaved water crowfoot

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Ivy-leaved water crowfoot
Ivy-leaved water crowfoot (Ranunculus hederaceus)

Ivy-leaved water crowfoot
( Ranunculus hederaceus )

Systematics
Order : Buttercups (Ranunculales)
Family : Buttercup Family (Ranunculaceae)
Subfamily : Ranunculoideae
Tribe : Ranunculeae
Genre : Buttercup ( Ranunculus )
Type : Ivy-leaved water crowfoot
Scientific name
Ranunculus hederaceus
L.

The ivy-leaved water cockfoot ( Ranunculus hederaceus ), also called ivy water cockfoot, is a species of the genus buttercup ( Ranunculus ) within the buttercup family . It thrives within bodies of water or in their alternating water zone and is widespread from Western to Central Europe.

description

Vegetative characteristics

The ivy-leaved water crowfoot grows as an annual or short-lived perennial herbaceous plant . It forms creeping shoot axes 10 to 40 (60) centimeters long. The stems are branched, round, hollow and glabrous (hairless); roots form at the nodes . The leaves are undivided, kidney-shaped to heart-shaped, with entire margins, somewhat shiny, with three to five semicircular to triangular lobes. They are vaguely reminiscent of ivy leaves , hence the name. A leaf stalk is two to four times as long as a leaf blade. There are no other types of diving leaves (compare e.g. common water cockfoot ).

Generative characteristics

The hermaphroditic, radial symmetry flowers have a diameter of no more than 1 centimeter. The five white petals are usually 2.5 to 3.5 millimeters long, do not touch and quickly become obsolete. Your nectar glands are crescent-shaped. There are seven to ten stamens per flower.

In a collective crop there are usually 18 to 24 bald nuts together.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.

toxicology

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

Nothing has been known about studies of the ingredients of the ivy-leaved water crowfoot. In particular, there is no evidence of protoanemonin being detected . The ivy-leaved water crowfoot can only be regarded as suspected of being poisonous.

Ivy-leaved buttercup ( Ranunculus hederaceus )

Spread and endangerment

The area of Ranunculus hederaceus is distinctly Atlantic, being largely limited to western Europe between Denmark and the Iberian Peninsula. It occurs rarely in the Central European lowlands and sporadically in the northern low mountain ranges; it is absent in Austria and Switzerland. The ivy-leaved water buttercup has lost almost half of its previously existing sites in Central Europe since the Second World War , mainly due to the "amelioration" of wetlands and water corrections. In Germany, the species is very rare and largely restricted to the northwest. In Germany, almost only the northwestern lowlands - mainly Schleswig-Holstein and Lower Saxony - are populated. These occurrences are disjointly scattered; in large parts of the rest of the country the ivy water cockfoot is lost or not native. It is classified as “critically endangered” on Germany's Red List , and in many federal states even as “critically endangered” or already extinct.

It is unclear whether deposits on the east coast of North America are autochthonous .

Location requirements and way of life

The ivy-leaved water crowfoot grows in spring corridors, at obstructions in wet grassland, on ditches, dry-falling banks of ponds, on heathland brooks and other small rivers. Low-base, clean to at most moderately nutrient-contaminated water is required over sandy soil, mud or even low-lying peat. It is primarily a land plant, but it can also develop a floating form with roots hanging down in the water. The overwintering usually takes place as seeds, sometimes also as small, evergreen cushions on a damp surface. It is a character species of the Ranunculetum hederacei from the Cardamino-Montion association.

The ivy-leaved water crowfoot is characterized as a very weak spring plant that blooms as early as the end of March and often becomes obsolete as a whole in July. (This phenological information relates primarily to north-west Germany, namely Schleswig-Holstein , and may not be transferable to the entire area.) Longer warm periods above 21 ° C promote the death process. According to other information, however, the flowering time should extend from June to September and the species is identified as a perennial herbaceous plant.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Annick Garniel: Aquatic Plants of Rivers and Ditches. Information on understanding your life strategies as a basis for conservation and support measures in Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg. In: Reports of the Botanical Association of Hamburg , Volume 24, 2008, 221 pp. ISBN 978-3-932681-51-6 .
  • Eckhard Garve: Atlas of the endangered fern and flowering plants in Lower Saxony and Bremen. Nature conservation landscape conservation Lower Saxony 30, 1994. ISBN 3-922321-68-2 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 6th edition 1990. ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 2 : Yew family to butterfly family . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
  2. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  416 .
  3. ↑ Annick Garniel: Aquatic Plants of Rivers and Ditches. Information on understanding your life strategies as a basis for conservation and support measures in Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg. In: Reports of the Botanical Association of Hamburg Volume 24, 2008, p. 203. ISBN 978-3-932681-51-6 .
  4. ↑ Werner Rothmaler: Excursion flora for the areas of the GDR and the FRG. Volume 4, Critical Volume, ed. v. Rudolf Schubert & Walter Vent, Volk und Wissen Volkseigener Verlag Berlin, 6th edition 1986.
  5. ↑ Note: To date the beginning of the flowering phase to June, as in the "Rothmaler", is obviously not generally correct - cf. B. the date of the cover photo (= May 1st)! Perhaps this is based on a transfer error from other flora plants, or reference is made to - species-specific atypical - growth locations with less pronounced Atlantic climate, where Ranunculus hederaceus may behave differently phenologically.

Web links

Commons : Ivy Leaved Water Crowfoot  Album with Pictures, Videos and Audio Files