Reich School Conference 1920
The Reichsschulkonferenz was convened by the Reich Ministry of the Interior under Erich Koch-Weser ( DDP ) from June 11th to 20th, 1920 in Berlin to systematically reorganize the German school system in the Weimar Republic . The driving force and organizer of the conference was the Social Democratic State Secretary Heinrich Schulz .
About 650 education experts were invited, among them the well-known German representatives of reform pedagogy with its branches of work school , the rural school movement and the unified school around Johannes Tews , as well as representatives of the education ministries of the German states, the churches and relevant associations. Almost all later reform efforts and educational policy issues up to the present have already been presented and discussed at this conference.
One of the main points of contention was the length of primary school (four or six years). The Reich Primary School Act of April 28, 1920, made the four-year primary school binding for everyone even before the conference, which meant that the previously customary private pre-schools for later high school students no longer existed. That was not enough for many, e.g. B. the " Bund decided school reformers " around Paul Oestreich .
The basis of the discussion was initially the " Weimar School Compromise " of the parties that had shaped the 1919 constitution in Articles 135 to 150: According to this, there should be a common elementary school for all, but elementary schools could be established denominationally at the request of the parents. The religious education remained an ordinary school subject under the supervision of the state. The SPD advocated the free unified school in higher grades as well as co-education and academic teacher training , the DDP had concerns about the abolition of the grammar school, the center was strictly for denominational schools with the churches .
The numerous results of the conference were not implemented directly, as the majority of the Weimar coalition was lost in the 1920 Reichstag election . Paul Rühlmann's initiative for civics as a new school subject remained largely stuck. During the Weimar period, the educational academies were founded (1925) by the non-party Prussian minister of education, Carl Heinrich Becker , with which elementary school teacher training was significantly improved. Hans Richert's “German High School” as a new type of high school is also one of its effects. As the fourth type of grammar school, it encountered conservative resistance because of its inadequate foreign language requirement, but support from supporters of German studies .
A similarly large educational policy conference with several hundred participants took place again in Weimar in 1926 , organized by the German Committee for Education . She repeated many of the debates.
literature
- The Reichsschulkonferenz 1920 : its prehistory and preparation and its negotiations. Report prepared by the Reich Ministry of the Interior, Leipzig 1921.
- The results of the Reichsschulkonferenz , ed. v. Central Institute for Education and Teaching , Leipzig 1921
- Georg Ried (Hrsg.): The modern culture and the education of the German school: Report on the pedag. Congress of the German Committee for Education a. Lessons, held in Weimar from 7th to 9th Oct. 1926 . On behalf of d. Board of Directors d. German Committee for Education u. Classes. Leipzig 1927
- Herwig Blankertz : The History of Education. From the Enlightenment to the Present , Wetzlar 1992, p. 231 ff
Web links
- Preparation and implementation of the Reich School Conference by Heinrich Schulz [1]
Individual evidence
- ↑ Documentarchiv.de: Reichsgrundschulgesetz of April 28, 1920