Relic altar of St. Theodor (Mannheim)

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Reliquary altar, of St. Theodor, St. Sebastian, Mannheim
Theodor reliquary altar, donor inscription, 1778
Reliquary of St. Theodore, in the Altarmensa

The Mannheim reliquary altar of St. Theodor is a baroque high altar in the parish church of St. Sebastian , with a large reliquary shrine of St. Theodor Tiro or St. Theodor Stratelates , whose cult has mixed and that in the Catholic Church as the same person be considered.

history

It is a baroque high altar, which is the left side altar in the parish church of St. Sebastian, Mannheim . According Latin inscription in the upper part of the altarpiece he is a 1778 made donation of the Palatine Elector Karl Theodor to the worship of him from Rome retrieved relics of his patron saint St. Theodore. Bones of this have been in the church of San Teodoro al Palatino in Rome, which can already be traced as a diakonia under Pope Gregory the Great († 604) . The acquisition of the relics may be in connection with the ruler's first trip to Rome, 1774/75. According to the inscription, the Mannheim reliquary altar was donated in 1778, the year the donor left Mannheim and moved his seat of government to Munich , after Kurbayern fell to the Electoral Palatinate in 1777 .

At about the same time (1779), other relics of the saint came to Bavaria, which had been obtained by a priest named Balthasar Grimm, a former pastor at Campo Santo Teutonico in Rome . You have been in the Maria Brünnlein pilgrimage church near Wemding since 1780 . The elector may also have received his relics through this connection.

altar

The 7.5 meter high shrine -Altar consists of reddish gray marble, jewels from parts of the architecture are gilded. As already mentioned, in the gable, under a white oval medallion of St. Anna , it bears the Latin donor inscription: CORPUS S. THEODORI CAR. THEODORUS ELECTOR ROMA REDUX SUB HOC MARBLE PUBLICAE VENERATIONIS EXPONI CURAVIT MDCCLXXVIII

An arched niche arches beneath it, the central reredos depicting a Madonna enthroned on clouds with a child Jesus. It is a plaster study by the Electoral Palatinate court sculptor Peter Anton von Verschaffelt (1710–1793) on a marble Madonna of the same type, which he created for the tomb of Bishop Maximilian Anton van der Noot in St. Bavo's Cathedral in Ghent . The Madonna by Michelangelo in the Church of Our Lady in Bruges served as a model . Because of the central Marie representation of the altar shall be construed as Marienaltar the Mannheim church.

In the middle of the altar mess there is a niche with a window. In this niche stands the closed, coffin-shaped baroque reliquary with the bones of the hasty Theodor. It bears the inscription CORPUS S. THEODORI.

literature

  • Hans Huth: The art monuments of the city district Mannheim I. Munich 1982, p. 490
  • Karl Anton Straub: Mannheim Church History , Haas-Verlag, Mannheim, 1957, p. 47
  • Eva Hofmann: Peter Anton von Verschaffelt: court sculptor of Elector Carl Theodor in Mannheim , dissertation Ruprecht-Karls-Universität zu Heidelberg, 1982, p. 103 u. 104; (Book as PDF document)
  • Friedrich Walter : Buildings of the Electoral Period in Mannheim , 1928, p. 52; (Detail scan)

Web links

  • The Mannheim Madonna by Peter Anton von Verschaffelt

  • The Ghent Madonna by Peter Anton von Verschaffelt

  • The Madonna by Michelangelo in Bruges

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ferdinand Gregorovius: History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages , 1876, p. 118, (detail scan)
  2. ^ Karl Böswald: History of the pilgrimage to the virgin mother of God Maria near Wemding , Öttingen, 1845, p. 10, (digital scan)

Coordinates: 49 ° 29 ′ 21.2 ″  N , 8 ° 28 ′ 0.3 ″  E