René Laënnec

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René Théophile Hyacinthe Laënnec
Stethoscope by René Laënnec, circa 1820. Science Museum London .
Detail drawings of the stethoscope

René Théophile Hyacinthe Laënnec [ laɛnɛk ] (born February 17, 1781 in Quimper , † August 13, 1826 in Kerlouanec in the municipality of Ploaré near Douarnenez , Finistère ) was a French doctor. He invented the stethoscope .

Life

Laënnec grew up with his uncle, who was the chief physician at the Hôtel Dieu, in Nantes , studied in the hospitals in Nantes and was a surgeon in the Western Army from 1799. He then studied at the Charité in Paris in 1800 under Jean-Nicolas Corvisart and his successor Gaspard-Laurent Bayle in Paris and in 1816 became a doctor at the Necker Hospital in Paris. Here he collected his observations on auscultation with the stethoscope he had invented in lung and heart diseases , which he published in 1819 and in his work Traite de L'Auscultation Mediate Et Des Maladies Des Poumons Et Du Coeur . With this he founded the modern clinic for thoracic diseases.

In 1823 he became a professor at the Collège de France and the following year professor of the medical clinic. In addition to Leopold Auenbrugger , the discoverer of percussion , Laënnec laid the foundation for the exact physical diagnosis of diseases of the thoracic organs and thereby paved the way for medical advances in this area.

The urination practiced up to then was finally replaced by these modern diagnostic methods. Josef Skoda improved both investigation methods and from 1839 contributed significantly to their spread.

Laënnec died of tuberculosis in 1826 at the age of only 45 .

In 1868 a statue was erected in his place of birth. The Laënnec Glacier in Antarctica has been named after him since 1960 .

In addition to the invention of the stethoscope, Laënnec is known for the first description and initially incorrect classification (as a malignant neoplasm) of cirrhosis of the liver .

Works (selection)

  • Propositions sur la doctrine d'Hippocrate, relativement à la médecine pratique . Didot le jeune, Paris 1804. Thèse No. 241 (digitized version)
  • De l'auscultation médiate: ou traité du diagnostic des maladies des poumons et du cœur. JA Brosson and JS Chaudé, Paris 1819, Volume I (digitized version ) , Volume II (digitized version )
    • 2nd Edition. CJB Comet (Editor). Brussels 1828 (digitized version)
    • 4th edition. Expanded and commented. Gabriel Andral (editor). JS Chaudé, Paris 1837, Volume I (digitized version) , Volume 2 (digitized version) , Volume 3 (digitized version)
    • English translation
      • Sir John Forbes (translator). A treatise on the diseases of the chest: in which they are described according to their anatomical characters, and their diagnosis established on a new principle by means of acoustick instruments: with plates. TG Underwood, London 1821 (digitized)
    • German translations
      • Indirect auscultation (hearing by means of a stethoscope): or a treatise on diagnosis of diseases of a lung and heart, based on a new research tool. By RTH Laennec, the Heilkunde Doctor, doctor at the Neckarspitale in Paris etc. Edited in excerpts from the French . Landes-Industrie-Comptoir, Weimar 1822, Volume I (digitized version) , Volume II (digitized version)
      • Friedrich Ludwig Meissner (translator). RTH Laennec's, Prof. der Med. Etc. Treatise on the diseases of the lungs and the heart and the indirect auscultation as a means of their knowledge. August Lehnhold, Leipzig 1832, part 1 (digitized version ) , part 2 (digitized version )

literature

  • Ulrich Koehler et al .: The pathophysiology of pulmonary emphysens - Laënnec (1781-1826) was right! In: Pneumology. Vol. 73, 2019, pp. 81–86.
  • Emmanuel Lallour: Laënnec, notice historique. A. de Kerangal, Quimper 1868.
  • Ariel Roguin: Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781-1826): The Man Behind the Stethoscope. In: Clinical Medicine & Research. Vol. 4, No. 3, September 2006, ISSN  1539-4182 , pp. 230-235, PMID 17048358 , doi : 10.3121 / cmr.4.3.230 .
  • John R. Scherer: Before cardiac MRI: Rene Laennec (1781-1826) and the invention of the stethoscope. In: Cardiology Journal. Vol. 14, No. 5, 2007, ISSN  1897-5593 , pp. 518-519, PMID 18651515 .
  • Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Laënnec, René Théophile Hyacinthe. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 820.
  • Gerald B. Webb: Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec: a Memoir. Hoeber 1928

Web links

Commons : René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laennec  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Laënnec, René Théophile Hyacinthe. 2005, p. 820.
  2. ↑ Wolfgang U. Eckart : History of Medicine. Mit Theory, Ethics, Law , 6th edition 2009, Springer Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin, New York, Paris Clinical School pp. 192–195, Hyacinthe Laënnec p. 195; History of Medicine 2009 7th edition History, Theory and Ethics of Medicine , Springer Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin, New York, pp. 175–178. History, theory and ethics of medicine 2013
  3. ^ Wolfgang U. Eckart : Bayle, Gaspard-Laurent. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 156.
  4. ^ Rene-Theophile-Hyacinthe Laennec: Traite de L'Auscultation Mediate Et Des Maladies Des Poumons Et Du Coeur . Paris 1819, 2 volumes; 4th edition by Andral, 1836, 3 volumes; German von Meißner, Leipzig 1822. Current fr. Edition (Ed.1828) (Sciences), Hachette Livre, 2012 ISBN 978-2-0126-2898-4 Online version
  5. ^ Wolfgang U. Eckart : Théophile-René-Hyacinthe Laennec , in: Wolfgang U. Eckart and Christoph Gradmann: Ärztelexikon. From antiquity to the present , 1st edition 1995 CH Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Munich, 2nd edition 2001, 3rd edition 2006 Springer Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin, New York. Medical glossary 2006
  6. ^ Treatise on percussion and auscultation. Vienna 1839.
  7. ↑ Friedrich v. Zglinicki : Uroscopy in the fine arts. An art and medical historical study of the urine examination. Ernst Giebeler, Darmstadt 1982, ISBN 3-921956-24-2 , p. 18 f.
personal data
SURNAME Laënnec, René
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Laënnec, René Théophile Hyacinthe (full name); Kerlouanec, René
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French doctor
DATE OF BIRTH February 17, 1781
PLACE OF BIRTH Quimper
DATE OF DEATH August 13, 1826
Place of death Kerlouanec, municipality of Ploaré near Douarnenez , Finistère , France