René Martel

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René Martel (* 1893 ; † 1976 ) was a French historian . In his work he mainly dealt with Central and Eastern Europe. After he had already spoken pro-German, he collaborated with the occupying power during the German occupation of France , for which he was sentenced to a long sentence after the Second World War .

Life

Martel was a pilot during the First World War . His work L'aviation française de bombardement (The French aerial bombardment), published in 1937 (in an expanded edition in 1939) dealt with this period and was reissued in 2007 in a revised English translation. As part of a doctoral thesis, he stayed in the Soviet Union for a while , and his book Le Mouvement antireligieux en URSS (1917-1932) , published in 1933, dealt with anti-religious endeavors there . Martel was co-author of a biography of Iwan Masepa . a. Poland , Slovenia and Ukraine . He worked as a grammar teacher at the Lycée Montaigne in Paris and as a lecturer ( agrégé de l'Université ) at the Sorbonne .

In the interwar period, Martel formed a group with Jean Luchaire and Eugène Bestaux , who were friends with Louise Weiss , published in Monde Nouveau and André Delpeuch, and joined the Paneuropean Union , the Académie des droits des peuples and the Action internationale des nationalistes involved.

In 1930, with Les frontières orientales de l'Allemagne (translated into English and German, the latter edition was titled Germany's Bleeding Borders ), Martel's contribution to the Polish-German border question, in which he took a stand for Germany. During the German occupation of France, he clearly expressed his sympathy, for example, as the foreign editor of the Paris Soir against “Yankee bestiality” and as the successor to the emeritus professor of international law Louis Le Fur, who died in February 1943, he wrote articles for the German occupation organ Brussels newspaper . He then worked for the cultural section at La France , the newspaper of the Vichy regime that had evaded to Sigmaringen . Furthermore, Martel sided with the occupiers through his advice to Friedrich Grimm in the field of literature and his Principes du national socialisme (Principles of National Socialism ) published in 1941 .

For his collaboration , Martel was sentenced to ten years of forced labor and the deprivation of civil rights after the war. Subsequently, no further works were published by him.

Since the publication of Germany's Bleeding Borders , it has occasionally been found in German revanchist or revisionist literature, and it has also been spread by people such as the former Reich Foreign Minister Julius Curtius that Martel was a professor of Slavic studies, which was already established in 1933 by the Ligue pour la Paix par le respect des traités was rejected as wrong. In fact, there is no other evidence that Martel was a professor of Slavic studies, within France he is only listed as a historian. Possibly there was a mix-up with a lecturer of the same name in Slavic languages ​​and literature at the University of Lille , who died in the early 1930s at the age of 32.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Cédric Meletta: Jean Luchaire: L'enfant perdu des années sombres . Perrin, Paris 2013, ISBN 978-2-262-03437-5 , p. 247.
  2. ↑ Rachel Mazuy: Croire plutôt que voir ?: Voyages en Russie soviétique (1919-1939) . Odile Jacob, Paris 2002, ISBN 2-7381-1153-X , p. 314.
  3. ^ Cédric Meletta: Jean Luchaire: L'enfant perdu des années sombres . Perrin, Paris 2013, ISBN 978-2-262-03437-5 , p. 247 and Politique étrangère , edition 1 of 1939, page 100.
  4. ^ Cédric Meletta: Jean Luchaire: L'enfant perdu des années sombres . Perrin, Paris 2013, ISBN 978-2-262-03437-5 , p. 248.
  5. ↑ Review of the English edition by Arthur I. Andrews in the American Journal of International Law , January 1932 edition, pp. 223-234.
  6. ^ Paris-Soir after Cédric Meletta: Jean Luchaire: L'enfant perdu des années sombres. Perrin, Paris 2013, ISBN 978-2-262-03437-5 , p. 247. Brussels newspaper based on Rolf Falter: De Brussels newspaper (1940–1944). In: Historica Lovaniensia 137, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (Faculty of History), Löwen 1982, p. 70.
  7. ^ Cédric Meletta: Jean Luchaire: L'enfant perdu des années sombres. Perrin, Paris 2013, ISBN 978-2-262-03437-5 , pp. 247-248.
  8. ↑ Études de presse , L'Institut français de presse, Paris 1946, vol. 1, p. 544.
  9. ↑ Examples of this can be found in Christian Höltje: The Weimar Republic and the East Locarno Problem, 1919-1934: Revision or guarantee of the German eastern border from 1919 . Holzner-Verlag, Würzburg 1958, p. 149, Wicker Kreis (Ed.), Peter Haerting (Red.): The German Eastern Borders . Leer 1981, p. 3 and Heinrich Schulze-Dirschau: Oder-Neisse: must Germany do without? . Verlagsgemeinschaft Berg, Berg am See 1991, ISBN 3-87829-142-6 , p. 120.
  10. ^ Julius Curtius : L'Allemagne et le corridor polonais. Discours prononcé le 2 décembre 1932, à l'Hôtel de Ville de New York. In: Ligue pour la Paix par le respect des traités, Comité polonais (ed.): Le Poméranie Polonaise vue par Ignacy Jan Paderewski , Julius Curtius, Henryk Leon Strasburger . Warsaw 1933, pp. 40-41.
  11. ↑ Ligue pour la Paix par le respect des traités, Comité polonais (ed.): Le Poméranie Polonaise vue par Ignacy Jan Paderewski , Julius Curtius , Henryk Leon Strasburger . Warsaw 1933, p. 41, footnote 3.
  12. ↑ See also his entry in IdRef (Identifiants et Référentiels) .
  13. ^ Slavische Rundschau , Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1931, vol. 3, page 703.
personal data
SURNAME Martel, René
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French historian, author, journalist and translator
DATE OF BIRTH 1893
DATE OF DEATH 1976