Renalase
| Renalase | ||
|---|---|---|
| Properties of human protein | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 325 amino acids | |
| Cofactor | FAD | |
| Precursor | (Prerenalase; 342 aas) | |
| Isoforms | 2 | |
| Identifier | ||
| Gene name | RNLS | |
| External IDs | ||
| Enzyme classification | ||
| EC, category | 1.4.-.- | |
| Occurrence | ||
| Homology family | Renalase | |
| Parent taxon | Newcomers | |
| Orthologue | ||
| human | House mouse | |
| Entrez | 55328 | 67795 |
| Ensemble | ENSG00000184719 | ENSMUSG00000071573 |
| UniProt | Q5VYX0 | A7RDN6 |
| Refseq (mRNA) | NM_001031709 | NM_001146342 |
| Refseq (protein) | NP_001026879 | NP_001139814 |
| Gene locus | Chr 10: 88.18 - 88.58 Mb | Chr 19: 33.14 - 33.39 Mb |
| PubMed search | 55328 |
67795
|
Renalase is a flavin-adenine-dinucleotide-dependent amine oxidase first described by Jianchao Xu (2004) . The enzyme is released ( secreted ) into the blood by the kidneys and affects blood pressure and heart function . Its catecholamine-degrading property is controversial, but not its cardiovascular effect.
Working hypothesis
Renalase breaks down catecholamines in vitro , most heavily dopamine , followed by adrenaline and then noradrenaline . In humans, the expression of the renalase gene is highest in the kidney. The renalase gene can also be detected in the heart , in the skeletal muscle and in the small intestine . In dialysis patients , the renalase concentration in the plasma is significantly lower than in healthy control persons . In rats , the infusion of Renalase leads to a reduced contractility of the heart, a drop in heart rate and blood pressure and prevents a compensatory increase in peripheral vascular resistance .
The post-translational modification of the prerenalase in the blood to the enzyme is promoted when there is an excess of catecholamine, as is new synthesis.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Xu J, Li G, Wang P, et al : Renalase is a novel, soluble monoamine oxidase that regulates cardiac function and blood pressure . In: J. Clin. Invest. . 115, No. 5, May 2005, pp. 1275-80. doi : 10.1172 / JCI24066 . PMID 15841207 . PMC 1074681 (free full text).
- ↑ Boomsma F, Tipton KF: Renalase, a catecholamine-metabolizing enzyme? . In: J Neural Transm . 114, No. 6, 2007, pp. 775-6. doi : 10.1007 / s00702-007-0672-1 . PMID 17385068 .
- ↑ Li G, Xu J, Wang P, et al : Catecholamines regulate the activity, secretion, and synthesis of renalase . In: Circulation . 117, No. 10, March 2008, pp. 1277-82. doi : 10.1161 / CIRCULATIONAHA.107.732032 . PMID 18299506 .