Ring opening
From top to bottom: catalytic hydrogenation of cyclopropane and cyclobutane, bromination of cyclopropane and ring opening of an oxirane with a secondary amine .
Ring opening is a type of reaction in organic chemistry . A ring-shaped starting material (starting material) is converted into an open-chain product.
Formation of low molecular weight products
As the starting materials are heterocyclic compounds , such as aziridines or epoxides (oxiranes) and alicycles as cyclopropane , cyclobutane or their derivatives in question. These educts have strained ring systems because the bond angles differ significantly from the ideal state and are therefore reactive.
Polymer chemistry
Cycloalkenes , such as cyclopentene , can be converted into chain-like polymers by ring-opening metathesis . In ring-opening polymerization , cyclic monomers (mostly lactones or lactams ) react to form chain-like macromolecular polyesters or polyamides .
Individual evidence
- ^ Siegfried Hauptmann : Organic chemistry . 2nd edition, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindindustrie, Leipzig 1985, ISBN 3-342-00280-8 , p. 560.
- ↑ Ulrich Lüning: Organic reactions . 2nd edition, Elsevier GmbH, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-8274-1834-0 , p. 38.
- ^ Siegfried Hauptmann: Organic chemistry . 2nd edition, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindindustrie, Leipzig 1985, ISBN 3-342-00280-8 , p. 220.
- ^ MD Lechner, K. Gehrke, EH Nordmeier: Makromolekulare Chemie . 4th edition, Birkhäuser Verlag 2010, ISBN 978-3-7643-8890-4 , pp. 99-100.
- ^ Siegfried Hauptmann: Organic chemistry . 2nd edition, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindindustrie, Leipzig 1985, ISBN 3-342-00280-8 , p. 737.