Romava

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Romava (German Romau ) is a desert in southeastern Bohemia , Czech Republic . It is located eight kilometers southwest of Staré Město pod Landštejnem ( old town ) in Okres Jindřichův Hradec ( Neuhaus district ) directly on the Austrian-Czech border. The place was laid out as a Breitangerdorf . The 442 hectares of the village were connected to Staré Město pod Landštejnem ( Old Town ). Romava belongs to the district Veclov ( Wetzlers ) and forms a basic settlement unit.

geography

The place was 441 m above sea level. M. at Romavský potok ( Romaubach ). The neighboring towns were Staré Hutě ( Althütten ) in the north, Rajchéřov ( Reichers ) in the north-east , Radschin in the south, Reinberg-Dobersberg in the south, Parten and Leopoldsdorf in the west and Reingers in the north-west. The 4 hectare Romavský mlýnský rybník ( mill pond ) was located directly on the north-western edge of the village . Romau was the southernmost municipality in the district.

history

The place is first mentioned in 1375 under the name "Rabenau". During the Hussite Wars , the place was burned down in 1420. According to this, Romau is indicated in 1487 in the ruler's list of properties as desolate. The place will remain in this state for almost the next 100 years. Only after Romau came to rule Neubistritz in 1575 the place was repopulated. The settlers spoke the "ui" dialect with special Bavarian passwords , which was spoken until 1945. In contrast to the eastern districts, however, this dialect was rooted in Northern Bavarian , which suggests that the settlers came from the Upper Palatinate region.

During the Thirty Years' War Romau was sacked by imperial troops in 1619. In 1645 the place was so badly devastated by imperial troops and later by Swedish troops under Lennart Torstensson that it had to be re-established in 1654. The new Romau was built on the northern slope of the 639 m high Mühlberg. Since then, the form of the name “Romau” has remained unchanged. The parish registers of the place should be included with Neubistritz since 1664th In 1880 a large pond with 60 hectares was drained because a dam was damaged. A volunteer fire brigade was established in 1892. The mill was converted into a knitting mill in 1900. Most of the Romauer lived from cattle and agriculture. In addition to various types of grain, potatoes, beets and especially flax were also grown. Because of the climate and the soil, viticulture in this area was not profitable. The municipal area was also very rich in game (hares, deer, partridges, pheasants and wild ducks). The flax was prepared, spun and then further processed in a weaving mill. A machine knitting factory, a sawmill and a mill were later built in the village.

After the First World War and the Peace Treaty of Saint Germain in 1919, the place, whose inhabitants in 1910 belonged exclusively to the German language group, became part of the new Czechoslovak Republic . In the inter-war period, there was an increase in the influx of people of Czech nationality due to the appointment of new civil servants and new settlers. In 1929 a border guard house was built, which was used as a kindergarten from 1939. After the Munich Agreement in 1938, the place came to the German Reich and became part of the Reichsgau Niederdonau . In 1941 the Romau volunteer fire brigade received an engine injection.

After the end of the Second World War , which claimed 22 victims among the residents of Romau, the community came back to Czechoslovakia. At the same time as the surrounding towns, the district was occupied by a motorized group of militant Czechs on May 28, 1945. They took some hostages, drove the German residents and finally the hostages across the border into Austria. According to the Beneš Decree 108, the property of German residents as well as German public and church property were confiscated and placed under state administration. Due to the proximity of the place to the Austrian-Czech border, the place was leveled in 1948.

Coat of arms and seal

In the second half of the 19th century, Romau had an image-less community temple, which was bilingual between 1919 and 1938. A picture of an earlier community seal has not yet been found.

Population development

census Total population Ethnicity of the inhabitants
year German Czechs Other
1880 430 430 0 0
1890 431 431 0 0
1900 419 419 0 0
1910 385 385 0 0
1921 324 300 6th 18th
1930 264 233 10 21st

Attractions

  • Chapel of St. John of Nepomuk

Sources and literature

  • Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities. Knee, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-927498-19-X , pp. 205f.
  • Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 374 .
  • Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: The districts of Neubistritz and Zlabings from A to Z. South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 2006, p. 119f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Indication sketch of the cadastral community Romau
  2. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/798592/Romava
  3. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj/19859/Romava
  4. ^ Leopold Kleindienst: The forms of settlement, rural building and material culture in South Moravia , 1989, p. 10
  5. ^ Felix Ermacora : The unreached peace: St. Germain and the consequences; 1919-1989 , Amalthea Verlag, Vienna, Munich, 1989, ISBN 3-85002-279-X
  6. ^ Johann Wolfgang Brügel : Czechs and Germans 1918 - 1938 , Munich 1967
  7. ↑ Cornelia Znoy: The expulsion of the Sudeten Germans to Austria in 1945/46 . 47 families were allowed to stay in Austria.
  8. ^ Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 374 .
  9. ^ Hadam: History of the city and former rule of Neubistritz , 1981
  10. ↑ Historický místopis Moravy a Slezska v letech 1848–1960, sv.9. 1984

Coordinates: 48 ° 57 '  N , 15 ° 11'  E