Romuald of Salerno

Romuald of Salerno (also Romualdus Salernitanus ), actually Romuald Guarna (* around 1115 in Salerno ; † April 4, 1181 ibid) was a historian and since 1153 Archbishop of Salerno.

Romuald came from the Guarna noble family of Campania . He studied medicine at the school in Salerno , and his work as a doctor is attested from time to time.

Under Wilhelm I and in the early years of Wilhelm II , who was crowned by him , he was one of the most influential prelates in Sicily . After Archbishop Walter of Palermo took over the leadership of the Familiarenkolleg, Romuald's influence declined increasingly, especially since he did not regularly stay at the court in Palermo for long periods . As a negotiator, he had significant influence on the Benevento Concordat between Hadrian IV and William I (1156) and the Peace of Venice (1177).

His world chronicle , which goes from the creation of the world to the year 1178, is the first example of this kind from Italy. Models were Orosius , Bede , Paulus Diaconus or Boso in the Liber pontificalis . For southern Italy and Sicily it provides additions to Alexander von Telese for Roger II , to Hugo Falcandus for the time of Wilhelm I and the beginnings of Wilhelm II. For the first decade of his reign it is the only detailed account that covers a purely local horizon goes out. For the peace of Venice, which in 1177 between Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa , Pope Alexander III. , the Lombard communes and Wilhelm II., Romuald's chronicle is the main source .

Fonts

• Wilhelm Arndt, Romoaldi II archiepsicopi Salernitani annales , in: Monumenta Germaniae Historica , SS XIX, Hanover 1866, pp. 387–461 Beginning of the edition in the Digital Monumenta
• Carlo Alberto Garufi , Romualdi Salernitani Chronicon , Città di Castello 1935. [Rerum Italicarum Scriptores, NS t. VII / 1]
• Giancarlo Andenna (arr.): Chronicon . (Schola salernitana. Studi e testi, vol. 6), Cava de'Tirreni (Salerno) 2001.

literature

• Vincenzo D'Alessandro: Romuald of Salerno, Archbishop († 1181) . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 7, LexMA-Verlag, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-7608-8907-7 , Sp. 1019.
• Max Manitius : History of Latin Literature in the Middle Ages. Third part (volume) with Paul Lehmann's participation: From the outbreak of the church dispute to the end of the twelfth century. Munich 1931, pp. 331-332 ( HdAW 9.2.3).
• Donald JA Matthew: The chronicle of Romuald of Salerno. In: Ralph Henry Carless Davis / John Michael Wallace-Hadrill (eds.): The writing of history in the Middle Ages. Essays presented to Richard William Southern , Oxford 1981, pp. 239-274.
• Hartmut Hoffmann : Hugo Falcandus and Romuald von Salerno. In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages . 23: 116-170 (1967).
• DJA Matthew: The Chronicle of Romuald of Salerno. In: RHC Davis / JM Wallace-Hadrill (eds.): The Writing of History in the Middle Ages. Essays presented to Richard William Southern. Oxford 1981, pp. 239-274.
• Marino Zabbia: Romualdo Guarna arcivescovo di Salerno e la sua Cronaca . In: Paolo Delogu / Paolo Peduto (ed.): Salerno nel XII secolo. Istituzioni, Società, Cultura , Salerno 2004, pp. 380–398.
• Detlev Zimpel: The world chronicle of Bishop Romuald of Salerno. Reflections on the authorship and the reason for the drafting. In: Thomas Martin Buck (Ed.): Sources, Criticism, Interpretation. Festschrift for Hubert Mordek . Frankfurt am Main 1999, pp. 183-194.

Web links

• Romualdus Salernitanus in the repertory "Historical Sources of the German Middle Ages"
• Publications on Romualdus Salernitanus in the Opac of the Regesta Imperii