Rotmoosferner
| Rotmoosferner | ||
|---|---|---|
 The Rotmoosferner with the Wasserfallferner (right) seen from the Hohe Mut |
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| location | Tyrol , Austria | |
| Mountains | Ötztal Alps | |
| Type | Valley glacier | |
| length | 3.3 km | |
| surface | 3.17 km² | |
| Exposure | North | |
| Altitude range | 3400 m above sea level A. - 2400 m above sea level A. | |
| Coordinates | 46 ° 49 '0 " N , 11 ° 3' 24" E | |
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| drainage | Rotmoosache → Gurgler Ache → Ötztaler Ache → Inn | |
The Rotmoosferner is a glacier in the Ötztal Alps in Tyrol .
location
The glacier at the head of the Rotmoostal valley extends at an altitude of around 3400 to 2400 m and covers an area of around 3 km². It flows from the Gurgler Kamm below Liebenerspitze ( 3399 m above sea level ), Heuflerkogel ( 3238 m above sea level ) and Trinkerkogel ( 3160 m above sea level ) around 3 km north into the Rotmoostal. The Wasserfallferner connects to the west.
decline
Like most glaciers in the Alps, the Rotmoosferner has been affected by glacier melt since the middle of the 19th century . The terminal moraine from 1858 at around 2300 m above sea level. A. marks the last raised position. Since then, the glacier has been retreating, interrupted by brief advances between 1916 and 1922 and in the 1980s, and is losing massively in volume and surface. Between 1850 and 2006, the length decreased by around 2 km and the thickness of the ice in the area of the tongue by around 150 m. In 2005 the connection with the Wasserfallferner that had existed up to that point was torn down.
Glacier foreland
In its retreat area, the glacier leaves moraines and gravel areas on which pioneer vegetation is gradually settling. The first plants included sedum saxifrage , panicle saxifrage and alpine toadflax . After 20 years of ice-free conditions, the first lawn plants such as alpine bluegrass appear . Springtails , mites and enchytrae as well as butterfly and beetle larvae are the first representatives of the soil fauna .
Cryoconite
Up to 28% of the Rotmoosferner is covered by cryoconite , wind-blown dust with organic components. As a result, the albedo of the glacier is changed, the darker areas are warmed up more by the solar radiation, melting faster than the surroundings and leaving depressions in the ice, so-called cryoconite holes. The tardigrade Hypsibius klebelsbergi Mihelčič was found in the cryoconite of the Rotmoosferner, which can survive times without oxygen and extremely low temperatures in cryobiosis .
Individual evidence
- ^ A b World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS): Fluctuations of Glaciers 2005–2010 (Vol. X). Zurich 2012, p. 119 ( PDF; 5 MB ( Memento of the original from March 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. )
- ^ Eva-Maria Koch: The Rotmoostal im Wandel (1895–2009). In: Eva Maria Koch, Brigitta Verschbamer (eds.): Glacial and periglacial habitats in the Obergurgl area , Alpine Research Center Obergurgl - Volume 1, Innsbruck University Press, Innsbruck 2010, ISBN 978-3-902719-50-8 , pp. 73– 75 ( PDF; 15.8 MB )
- ↑ J. Abermann, A. Lambrecht, A. Fischer, M. Kuhn: Quantifying changes and trends in glacier area and volume in the Austrian Ötztal Alps (1969–1997–2006). In: The Cryosphere , 3 (2009), pp. 205-215, doi : 10.5194 / tc-3-205-2009
- ^ Leopold Füreder: High alpine river landscape Rotmoos . In: Eva Maria Koch, Brigitta Verschbamer (eds.): Glacial and periglacial habitats in the Obergurgl area , Alpine Research Center Obergurgl - Volume 1, Innsbruck University Press, Innsbruck 2010, ISBN 978-3-902719-50-8 , pp. 185– 202 ( PDF; 1 MB )
- ↑ Ute Hammesfahr: Influence of vegetation on the microbial colonization of the Rotmoosferner glacier foreland. Diploma thesis, University of Hohenheim, 2001 ( digitized version )
- ↑ Fabian Nagl, Brigitta Verschbamer: Vegetable succession in the glacier foreland . Vegetation and settlement strategies. In: Eva Maria Koch, Brigitta Verschbamer (eds.): Glacial and periglacial habitats in the Obergurgl area , Alpine Research Center Obergurgl - Volume 1, Innsbruck University Press, Innsbruck 2010, ISBN 978-3-902719-50-8 , pp. 121– 143 ( PDF; 2.3 MB )
- ↑ Nina Gosterxeier, Markus Fuchs, Rüdiger Kaufmann: Distribution of the soil fauna in the glacier foreland of the Rotmoosferner (Ötztal Alps, Tyrol). In: Entornologica Austriaca 6/2002, pp. 9–10 ( PDF; 1.2 MB )
- ↑ Birgit Sattler, Daniel Remias, Cornelius Lütz, Hieronymus Dastych, Roland Psenner: Life on snow and ice. In: Eva Maria Koch, Brigitta Verschbamer (eds.): Glacial and periglacial habitats in the Obergurgl area , Alpine Research Center Obergurgl - Volume 1, Innsbruck University Press, Innsbruck 2010, ISBN 978-3-902719-50-8 , p. 229– 249 ( PDF; 1.8 MB )
