Ruhpolding bell forge
 Partial view with moat and hammer house |
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| Data | |
|---|---|
| place | Ruhpolding , Haßlberg 6 |
| opening | 1996 |
| operator |
Support association
|
| management |
Tyrena Ullrich, b. Grübl
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| Website | |
| ISIL | DE-MUS-240911 |
The Ruhpolding Glockenschmiede is a technical museum in the Haßlberg (Hinterhaßlberg) district of Ruhpolding . It dates from the 17th century and includes the preserved buildings of a forge complex with wheel room, forge and hammer room with the hammer floor as well as the former house with stables and the attached grinding shop.
history
In connection with the growing population in and around Ruhpolding at the end of the Middle Ages, besides farmers, forest workers and shepherds, it was mainly craftsmen who settled here. These were essential as service providers in the construction of buildings, for daily life and for agriculture and livestock farming. In addition to carpenters and carpenters , this included blacksmiths in particular . In a document from 1826, 13 blacksmiths in the Ruhpolding area are listed.
One of these blacksmiths was the hammer forge built in Haßlberg am Thoraubach in the 17th century , first mentioned in 1686 in a parish register as "Gloghenschmidt Sebastian Präßberger". On the window wall of the blacksmith's workshop you can find the information: "Built in 1726, renovated in 1934, 1980". In 1857, the master blacksmith Max Grübl sen. and his wife Anna the entire property. They then had a new hammer mechanism installed, on the front of the crossbeam of the hammers the year 1863 and the inscription “M. u. A. Grübl “on this event. On the back, the brand engraving "Jesus and Maria" probably gives the names of two of the hammers.
The multi-pound forge hammers sit on a hammer shaft that is driven by an overshot water wheel. They are graded according to weight and fulfill various tasks: the lightest was the “raw hammer”, followed by the “clamping hammer” (also known as the Heißenhammer) and the “broad hammer”. The sequence of the hammer movements was regulated by cams on the shaft, the number of hammer blows could be set by the blacksmith using a slide (also called regulator or contactor).
In the years 1858–1888, Max Grübl Sr.'s hammer forge produced. mostly straw knives for farms in the area. For the year 1870 the books show the stately number of 7,900 knives sold.
The son Max Grübl jun. successfully continued the production of straw knives until 1931, but now also included a wide range of tools and “weaponry” in the program.
The original building complex included a washing and baking house, a stable, a house that was renovated for the first time in 1751, a wood and wagon depot , a grinding shop, a coal shop and the hammer mill house. In the most successful years of the 19th century, around 12 people found work in the forge.
In the course of the 20th century, the laundry and bakery as well as the Kohlstadel were demolished due to dilapidation and vacancy. While the forge was still in operation, in 1934, the entire facility was given monument protection status and visitors were welcome from then on.
One year after the end of the Second World War, the workshop was enlarged. In 1958, however, the forge was shut down, the last master blacksmith Fritz Grübl died in 1960. After a few years of uncertainty, renovations were carried out in 1979–1982 under the direction of the master's widow. The channel and the water wheels were renewed. A detailed inventory and description of individual parts was carried out, and the forge has served as an accessible architectural monument ever since. In 1991, the community of Ruhpolding connected a turbine to the water wheel, so that the water art has been used as a small power station ever since.
All measures between 1979 and 1996 were financed by the Bavarian State Administration (State Ministries for Education and Culture, Science and Art, State Monuments Office), the Bavarian State Foundation, the State Office for Non-State Museums, the Upper Bavaria District, the Traunstein District, the Ruhpolding and Ruhpoldinger communities Museums.
On the occasion of the 100th birthday of the last master blacksmith in 1996, a permanent exhibition was created on the history and technology of the blacksmith's shop with a museum preparation.
Location and description
The original buildings at the foot of the Hochfelln are located on an artificially created moat, which uses a sluice to guide the water onto a 40 m long water channel .
The museum complex is regularly open to visitors between May and October. After prior notification, the last members of the former master blacksmith family Grübl present the work of the bell forge comprehensively and very clearly. However, due to insufficient statics, the monument office no longer allows the hammer mill to be put into operation briefly for demonstration purposes.
The forge room is dominated by the hammer mill with three tail hammers of different sizes . In 1863 the previous hammers had to be replaced. On the long wall you can see two masonry food , which received the air for the forge fire via a huge bellows , which was also driven by a mill wheel. The various tools for the blacksmith's shop, most of which they produced themselves, hang on the walls, ready to hand and well sorted. The forge fire was maintained with wood that the employees cut themselves in the forest.
The bellows can be viewed on the Hammerboden and visitors are shown a film made in 1955 about a forging contract carried out by this workshop.
The main products of this forge were tools, household and gardening equipment, bells that were hung around the grazing cattle. These should be as light as possible, which is why no cast bells were used. But they had to produce a sound that could be heard from afar. So bells that were forged (hammered) from thin brass, copper or iron sheets proved to be a good compromise. These are actually called bells or trellises . The blacksmiths made bells of all sizes according to the specific requirements; the basic shape of a trapezoid produced the best sound and its manufacture was not too complex. In order to always get the best possible consistent result, molds were used as an aid.
The grinding shop was housed in a building erected in 1859, called Die Schleif for short by the master blacksmith . Above the workshop room there were accommodations for the blacksmiths' journeyman, in the converted attic there was room for traveling journeyman. The furnishing of the entrance is remarkable: the door frame is made of Ruhpolding marble . A separate small waterwheel with a large toothed gear and brake bar drove sandstone grindstones of various diameters with which tools such as straw knives , shovels, axes and knives were sharpened. At the same time, the water wheel was used to drive a circular saw. In 1946 the waterwheel was replaced by an electric motor, and since then the power transmission to the axes of the grindstone and to the saw has been via transmission belts. The grinding shop was renovated at the beginning of the 21st century and can be viewed in action. The Grübl heirs had the journeyman's accommodation converted into a holiday apartment.
The forge is one of the few hammer smiths still in existence in Bavaria. The forged bells sold for tourists now come from the Allgäu. The museum receives support from the Förderverein Glockenschmiede Ruhpolding eV, founded in 2012
literature
Daniela Schetar, Friedrich Köthe, Christoph Ulrich, Klaus Bovers, Andreas M. Bräu, Sebastian Schoenwald: The best south of Munich. Where there are blue peaks , on books.google.de (excerpt); Gmeiner Verlag, 2016.
Web links
- Homepage of the bell forge
- And the cow makes moo . ( Memento from November 13, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Brief information on the Ruhpolding bell forge on Radio Bavaria .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Flyer on the bell forge, issued in summer 2017.
- ↑ a b c d Information board in the museum with the chronicle of the forge
- ↑ Information board on the wall of the blacksmith's workshop, photographed in August 2017.
- ↑ Information board : The straw knife factory of Max Grübl senior, 1858–1888 ; photographed in August 2017.
- ↑ Information board: The Strohmesser- and Tool Factory of Max Grübl jun, 1888-1931. ; photographed in August 2017.
- ↑ Katja Faby, Antje Kindler-Koch: Glockenschmiede Haßlberg in: Berchtesgadener Land & Chiemgau with children: 400 exciting activities from the Chiemsee to the Watzmann. pmv Peter Meyer Verlag, 2014. (Snippet p. 132/133).
- ↑ Information board on the grinding shop building, seen and photographed in August 2017.
- ↑ Information from an employee on request, August 2017.
Coordinates: 47 ° 44 ′ 43.7 ″ N , 12 ° 36 ′ 39.9 ″ E