Muschenwang ruins

Muschenwang ruins
The Muschenwang estate around 1820
Creation time :	around 1271
Castle type :	Höhenburg, valley edge location
Conservation status:	Burgstall
Standing position :	Ministeriale
Place:	Schelklingen -Hausen ob Urspring
Geographical location	48 ° 22 '26 "  N , 9 ° 42' 7.9"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 22 '26 "  N , 9 ° 42' 7.9"  E
Height:	770  m above sea level NN

The Muschenwang ruin is the ruin of a hilltop castle at 770  m above sea level. NN near the district of Hausen ob Urspring in the town of Schelklingen in the Alb-Danube district in Baden-Württemberg .

history

Muschenwang Castle was built by the Lords of Muschenwang, ministerials of the Counts of Berg-Schelklingen, probably in the 12th or early 13th century. Built as a service man's seat and outpost of Hohenschelklingen Castle. The castle is first mentioned in 1271. Only in the last third of the 13th century. is named with Gottfried von Muschenwang a bearer of the castle name. In the first half of the 14th century. the mentions become more frequent. In the 14th century the family was divided into several lines, the relationship of which has not been clearly clarified: on the one hand, as the main line, the castle owners themselves, then von Muschenwang sat to Griesingen; Furthermore, von Muschenwang were wealthy and / or resident in Hausen oU and Schmiechen, perhaps also in Maselheim and in Schelklingen. Several female family members entered the Urspring Monastery as nuns. In 1363 Heinz von Muschenwang sold the castle and its accessories to his uncle Johann von Erstetten, who sat at Ennabeuren, who passed it on to the Urspring Monastery that same year . Members of the Muschenwang family apparently later settled in the city of Ehingen a. D., because in 1515 a Michel Muschewang from Ehingen enrolled at the University of Tübingen. The castle is still mentioned in the inventory books of the Urspring Monastery from 1475, 1486 and 1502 as the castle stable .

The Lords of Muschenwang had their own coat of arms, which has been handed down on several seals. It shows the Bergisch oblique right bar, but as a twin oblique right bar, the lower one being spiked. The one diagonal right-hand bar is also wound onto another seal. The right diagonal bar shows the aristocratic affiliation to the Counts of Berg-Schelklingen, for whose coats of arms diagonal bars are decisive. Eberl also suspects a tribal identity with the von Weisel and Wichsler families because of the similarity of the coat of arms.

Description of the castle complex

Clearly recognized the artificial moat , which the former residential tower on the exposed crag of the bailey separates. Small remains of the wall of the residential tower are still there. Embankments reveal the course of the former outer wall of the outer bailey. An attempt to reconstruct the layout of the facility can be found in Stefan Uhl (1985 and 1991).

Hofgut Muschenwang

In 1586, under the reign of its abbess Margaretha vom Stein, the Urspring Monastery built the Muschenwang farm approx. 350 meters north of the castle, for whose construction the stones from the castle were probably used. The estate served - like the castle before - to cultivate the fields on the Alb plateau. Muschenwang had its own branding until the 19th century .

The yard has largely been preserved in its building stock from 1586. It consisted of a house and two barns within a circular wall more than two meters high . The second barn in the southeast corner was demolished before 1911. The big barn in the northwest corner is still there today. The house is on the west wall south of the main gate. It is a two-story stone building with a two-story gable. The inside of the building is divided into two almost equal halves of two rooms each by a central ear, i.e. four rooms on each floor. The Öhrn and the two adjacent rooms on the ground floor to the north are barrel vaulted. The oven, which can be loaded from the kitchen, was built on the south side of the house. Above the right-angled lintel of the entrance door is the building inscription with the coats of arms of the Urspring Monastery and the noble family von Stein with the master's mark of the sculptor Hans Schaller from Ulm a. D. The inscription reads: “Anno 1586 Is this Baw from the ground up from Newem erbawen at the government of the old and worthy nobles and Gaistlichē Frawen Margareta vom Stain Maisterin des Worthy Gotzhaus Vrsprengē May the Almighty bestow his grace and bless so that the Gotzhaus can use and wolfart prosper may". Apart from the main gate to the west, there is on the north side of yet another gateway for the peasant carts and on the east side, a gate to the huele that even today most have water.

For the water supply, this own small water shell with ashlar edging was formerly built outside the courtyard wall in the east and formed a playground for frogs and toads in spring and summer. In the meantime (2014) it is used as a rubble dump.

Until its dissolution in 1806, the monastery lent the Muschenwang court as a loan . Shortly before the secularization of the monastery, the duties to the monastery, the buildings, field goods and the livestock of the farm were described in detail in an inventory in 1806.

Veit Michler was the case builder until February 21, 1677; The farm was handed over to his son Hans Michler on the same day. Before January 29, 1745, Konrad Keller had become a farmer in Muschenwang. His son Justin Keller, from his first marriage to Anna Hettrich from Ennabeuren, became the court successor. Baptized in the Urspring Monastery on October 16, 1747, he married Barbara Zagst from Hausen oU on January 27, 1774 (baptized September 1, 1754). The Keller couple moved Martini to Schmiechen in 1819 and apparently handed the farm over to a nephew of Barbara Zagst, namely to Xaver Zagst (born Hausen oU December 1, 1781), who became a farmer on Muschenwang before November 9, 1819. He was succeeded in 1853 (married November 8, 1853) by his first son, Erasmus Zagst (born August 25, 1823), the last farmer on Muschenwang. On June 4, 1875, Erasmus Zagst sold the farm to the Royal Forestry Office Blaubeuren named the Royal Württemberg State Finance Administration, which set up the farm as the seat of their forest ranger. The farm was used as a forest guard house until the 1960s.

literature

• Immo Eberl: The Counts of Berg, their domain and their noble families. Ulm and Oberschwaben Vol. 44, 1982, pp. 29–171.
• Immo Eberl, with the collaboration of Irmgard Simon and Franz Rothenbacher (editing): The family and civil status cases in the parishes of the town of Schelklingen and the Urspring Monastery (1602-1621, 1657-) 1692-1875 . 2nd edition Mannheim: Franz Rothenbacher, 2012 ( full text (PDF; 4.6 MB) )
• Eugen Gradmann, Hans Christ and Hans Klaiber: Art historical hiking guide Württemberg and Hohenzollern . Herrsching: Manfred Pawlak Verlagsgesellschaft, 1984, ISBN 3-88199-137-9 .
• Heinrich Hermelink (Ed.): The matriculations of the University of Tübingen. First volume: The registers from 1477-1600 . Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer, 1906.
• Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg (Ed.): The Alb-Donau-Kreis . 2 vols. Sigmaringen: Thorbecke, 1999. ISBN 3-7995-1351-5 .
• Hans Lehmann: From the Justinger Alb. For 40 y. Anniversary of the Alb water supply. Sheets of the Swabian Alb Association, vol. 23, 1911, no. 1, columns 8–14 (photos of the court).
• Eduard von Paulus and Eugen Gradmann: The art and antiquity monuments in the Kingdom of Württemberg . On behalf of the Royal Ministry of Churches and Schools ed. from ... inventory (4th vol.). Donaukreis 1st vol .: Upper offices of Biberach, Blaubeuren, Ehingen, Geislingen . Arranged by Julius Baum, Hans Klaiber and Bertold Pfeiffer. Eßlingen aN: Paul Neff Verlag (Max Schreiber), 1914.
• Günter Schmitt : Castle Guide Swabian Alb, Volume 2 - Alb Middle-South: Hiking and discovering between Ulm and Sigmaringen . Biberach an der Riß: Biberacher Verlagsdruckerei, 1989, ISBN 3-924489-45-9 , pp. 85-88.
• Franz Rothenbacher: Description of the rulership of the monastery at Schelklingen in 1806. Studies and communications on the history of the Benedictine order and its branches, Vol. 117, 2006, pp. 431-545. ( Full text (PDF; 768 kB) )
• Ottmar Schilling: Muschenwang, my Muschenwang: The life of a forester family in Muschenwang from 1927 to 1941 - memories of a contemporary . 4th edition Stuttgart: Print DDD Aalen, 2016.
• Stefan Uhl: Muschenwang castle ruins. Sheets of the Swabian Alb Association 1985, Issue 1, pp. 9-10.
• Stefan Uhl: Schelklingen castles . Schelklingen: City Archives, 1991 (= Schelklinger Hefte, No. 18).
• Hans Widmann: Urspring and Muschenwang. Sheets of the Swabian Alb Association, vol. 51, 1939, No. 1, pp. 7–8 (photo of the court).

Web links

Wikisource: Muschenwang in the description of the Oberamt Blaubeuren from 1830  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Eberl 1982, p. 100f and P. 153 plate 8; see also State Archives Directorate Baden-Württemberg 1999, Vol. 2, p. 879.
2. ↑ Hermelink 1906, p. 205 no. 113.
3. ↑ Eberl 1982, p. 100f and P. 153 plate 8.
4. ↑ Paulus and Gradmann 1914, pp. 79f and 399f. There also signs of Hans Schaller.
5. ↑ Rothenbacher 2006, fol. 51-53.
6. ↑ Eberl et al. 2012, p. 226 No. 828.
7. ↑ Family register Hausen oU 1808-1875 in the State Archives Ludwigsburg Stock F 901: duplicates of the Catholic church books vol. 636, fol. 54 u. 153.
8. ↑ goods Muschenwang book and purchase book of Hausen oU Vol. 7/11 in the municipal archives Hausen oU
9. ↑ Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg 1999, vol. 2, p. 851.