Origining Monastery

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Schelklingen and the former Urspring Monastery (cotton weaving since 1832), late 1832 or later
Origining Monastery: Abbey and east gable of the St. Ulrich monastery church
Construction of the buildings of the former Benedictine monastery of Urspring, which still existed from 1906 to before 1908, by Konrad Albert Koch

The Benedictine convent Steingädele in Steingädele in the city Schelklingen established (after) 1127, dissolved in 1806, was a priory of the monastery of St. Georgen in the Black Forest .

history

Presumably in the 10th century, the headwaters of a brook southwest of Blaubeuren near Schelklingen were settled, which was named "Urspring (en)" after this spring and the brook. Origining is mentioned for the first time in a document from 1127 that has only been handed down in copy. A donor family - three brothers with the names Rüdiger, Adalbert and Walther - handed over the village of Urspring with the church to the monastery of St. Georgen in the Black Forest, represented by Abbot Werner I and the convent. Count Diepold II von Berg (1116 / 27–1160 / 66) was entrusted with the bailiwick over Urspring.

Later tradition shows that Benedictine nuns moved into Urspring soon afterwards . It is even known that the nuns came from the St. Georgen subsidiary in Amtenhausen . The St. George privilege of Pope Alexander III speaks clearly . from 1179 from the subordination of Urspring to the Black Forest Monastery. The cella , the priory, the subsidiary monastery, was a women's convent dependent on the Black Forest monastic community "in the right of property" in St. George's. Although there is no information about this for the 12th century, it can be concluded from later tradition that the convent housed a prior . This was a monk from St. Georgen as a representative of the Black Forest monastery on site. At the same time the prior acted as pastor of the monastery church, pastor and confessor of the nuns.

In the first hundred years of its existence, the Urspring Monastery must have been poor. No gift of goods has been handed down until 1237. Accordingly, one can only assume a small women's convention that was under the direction of a female master ( magistra ). Better sources on the Benedictine convent of Urspring have been available since the 13th century. After the destruction of the monastery in the fighting between the Hohenstaufen King Konrad IV and supporters of the papal party (1246/1247) the community of nuns was able to recover. This emerges from a bull by Pope Alexander IV (1254–1261), which he issued on March 8, 1258 for Urspring. In the following period, Urspring gained - also because it was increasingly distancing itself from its Benedictine monastic basis - a greater reputation among the aristocratic families in the area, who were now able to accommodate their daughters, who were now in their own property. St. Georgen could not and did not want to counteract this development, especially since - it seems - the convent gained a bit of independence compared to the monastic community in the Black Forest. A separate seal (1258/1275), the barely discernible participation of the St. Georgen Abbot in the purchase and sale of goods from Urspring, and the lack of spiritual and legal supervision of the women's monastery over large areas are proof of this, the stipulation of the rights of St. George in a document of April 14, 1328 in spite of this. St. Georgen, which was not itself reformed, was only indirectly involved in the Bursfeld monastery reform for the amalgamated Urspringen women's convent (1475). The Urspring Monastery remained subordinate to St. Georgen. The Reformation did nothing to change this either (1536/1566); Since 1566, Urspring has been under the direction of the Catholic abbot St. Georgens, who resided in Villingen. Only disputes in the Urspring Convention after the election of Abbess Maria Abundantia von Barille (1797–1806 / 15) led in 1802 to the fact that St. Georgen renounced his rights in Urspring. The Benedictine monastery was secularized in 1806 . Today it houses the boarding Urspringschule .

Masters and Abbesses

Surname Terms of office Family coat of arms portrait
Mahilt † January 16 (before 1230)
(Irmelgard) † May 23 (1258?)
Agnes December 13, 1275
(Irmeltrud Fülhin from Tissen) † (around January 13, 1280)
Adelheid May 16, 1294 - December 22 (1294/1301)
Sophia January 7, 1302 - December 25 (1302/1306 or 1309)
Hiltrud Fülhin from Tissen March 28, 1307 (?), February 1, 1310, July 25, 1332, † (after April 15, 1333, 1335?)
Adelheid vom Stein † (July 20, 1360)
Udelheid Fülhin from Tissen November 29, 1365 - April 19, 1374
Margaretha Balzholz December 20, 1374 - May 14, 1375
Elisabeth Laydolff April 23, 1376, August 13, 1395, † May 12 (1396)
Anna vom Stein April 23, 1400, † (shortly before) May 16, 1421
Anna von Westernach May 16, 1421 - April 25 (1436)
Ursula vom Stein November 29, 1436 - November 16, 1448
Anna Truchseß von Bichishausen February 6, 1449 - June 19, 1463
Gredanna von Freyberg August 4, 1464, † April 18, 1481. She carried out a monastery reform in 1475 after the nuns' enclosure had been completely abandoned. There were considerable disputes with the stubborn nuns, which could be ended by the summoned Schelkling citizen military. Siebmacher112-Freyberg from Eysenberg.jpg
Helena von Hirnheim July 11, 1481 - August 14, 1496
Kunigunde of Freyberg August 28, 1496 - August 23, 1511
Cecilia von Hirnheim September 10, 1511 - February 6, 1525
Magdalena von Berg February 18, 1525 - June 7, 1552
Beatrix Speth von Zwiefalten October 19, 1552 - February 14, 1578
Katharina von Westerstetten March 21, 1578 - December 31, 1583
Margaretha vom Stein February 1, 1584 - November 7, 1622
Barbara Hund from Lauterbach December 2, 1622, † 20./21. September 1639
Anna Sibylla of Gemmingen November 2, 1639, resigned December 1, 1664, † January 31, 1665 Gemmingen-Scheibler65ps.jpg
Maria Gertrud Schenk von Castell December 5, 1664, resigned October 20, 1707 † February 15, 1709 Augsburg Cathedral Epitaph Franz Xaver Nikolaus Schenk von Castell 03.jpg
Maria Gertrud Schenk von Castell used the count's coat of arms, as her seal proves
Maria Franziska Giel von Gielsberg October 20, 1707, resigned March 13, 1723, † January 26, 1737
Maria Hildegard von Sirgenstein March 13, 1723, resigned July 2, 1767, † October 8, 1767
Maria Hildegard Reichlin from Meldegg born Maisenburg February 9, 1720, elected abbess on July 9, 1767, † Urspring Monastery November 6, 1797 Coat of arms of the barons Reichlin von Medegg.png Maria Hildegard Reichlin von Meldegg Rathaus Schelklingen 18072018.jpg
Abbess Maria Hildegard Reichlin von Meldegg, painted in 1767 by Johann Friedrich Thaddäus Wocher (1726–1799)
Maria Abundantia of Barille November 27, 1797, 1806 secularization, † July 7, 1815

Preserved buildings of the monastery

All former monastery buildings are listed and have been entered in the list of Schelklingen monuments.

The "paradise" in the Urspring Monastery
  • The St. Ulrich monastery church , rebuilt after the fire of the 17th century
  • The church tower , which was built in the late Middle Ages on the lower floors, had an onion hood until the end of 1832 : however, this was removed by the manufacturer Georg Reichenbach in order to be able to sell the valuable copper at a profit. Today's simple, octagonal monopitch roof is intended to replace the former roof hood .
  • The abbey , apartment of the master / abbess (first mentioned in 1622)
  • The east wing of the enclosure (essential parts of the ground floor and first floor from the late 15th century)
  • The cloister on the first floor of the east wing (late 15th century)
  • The narthex ( paradise ) on the west side of the monastery church (late 15th century)
  • The Upper Inn for secular guests (built 1495)
  • The Lower Inn for Spiritual Guests (built in 1520) (building documentation in the building research / restoration database )
  • The former Oberamtei , residence of the chief bailiff of the monastery, later the state forester's house (probably 18th century after the apartment of the cloister master from Schelklingen was moved to Urspring)
  • The former administrative office and forest management (according to the inscription above the house entrance, built in 1691 under Abbess Gertrud Schenk von Castell)
  • The former monastery garden enclosed by a wall in front of the former Upper Gate
  • The surrounding walls of the Urspringtopf (including drainage channels) and the surrounding walls of the monastery district with the round tower in the middle of the eastern surrounding wall
  • Sacred Heart Chapel (built 1708–1709)
Abbey and east wing of the enclosure of the former Benedictine convent of Urspring
In the background the portal of the Lower Inn for spiritual guests. Above the entrance, the year of construction 1520 and the coat of arms of Master Cecilia von Hirnheim (in office from 1511 to † 1525)

Preserved art monuments

Grave monument for Anna von Leichtle, b. vom Stain, nun in the Urspring Monastery, died in the Urspring Monastery on June 29, 1560
  • The 16th century stained glass from the former refectory (now privately owned in Friedrichshafen Castle and Lichtenstein Castle )
  • Two wooden sculptures in the Dursch Collection in the Dominican Museum Rottweil : Shrine of the chapter altar / plague altar (around 1495) [2] and crucifixion group (around 1520) [3]
  • Pietà (15th century) in the side chapel of the Herz-Jesu-Kirche Schelklingen
  • Stone Mother of God with Child (around 1490) in the eastern outer niche of the parish church of Schmiechen (Schelklingen) (formerly a well column in Urspring)
  • Cross stone of a shoemaker in the gateway to the monastery church

literature

  • Eberl, Immo: History of the Benedictine Monastery of Urspring near Schelklingen 1127-1806: External relations, convent life, property . Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1978 (= writings on Southwest German regional studies 13).
  • Eberl, Immo: Regesta on the history of the Benedictine convent of Urspring near Schelklingen 1127-1806. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1978 (= writings on Southwest German regional studies 14).
  • Fischer, Joachim: Two unknown reform statutes from 1474 and 1475 for the Benedictine convent of Urspring. Studies and communications on the history of the Benedictine order and its branches, Vol. 112, 2001, pp. 117–151.
  • Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg (Ed.): The Alb-Donau-Kreis . 2 vols. Sigmaringen: Thorbecke, 1999, here vol. 2, pp. 913-921, especially pp. 920f. ISBN 3-7995-1351-5 .
  • Meder, Willi: The St. Georgen daughter monastery Urspring. Der Heimatbote 14 (2003), pp. 21–36.
  • Otto, Markus; Urspring School (ed.): The glass paintings from the former Benedictine convent . Originally 1964 (Neu-Ulm: Art and Publishing Printing House Robert Abt).
  • Rothenbacher, Franz: Description of the rulership of the monastery at Schelklingen in 1806. Studies and communications on the history of the Benedictine order and its branches, Vol. 117, 2006, pp. 431-545. ( Full text (PDF; 768 kB) )
  • Wollasch, H.-J .: The beginnings of the St. Georgen Monastery in the Black Forest: On the development of the historical uniqueness of a monastery within the Hirsauer Reform . Freiburg i.Br. 1964 (= research on the history of the Upper Rhine region 14).

swell

  1. ↑ Photo by Ursula Erdt: Gertrud von Schenk-Castell: Abbess of the Ursprunging monastery near Schelklingen from 1664 to 1707 (* 1636 - † 1709). In: Rainer Brüning and Regina Keyler (eds.): Lebensbilder aus Baden-Württemberg , vol. 25, W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2018, after p. 50.
  2. ↑ Atonement Cross

Web links

Commons : Origining Monastery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Origin in the Topographia Sueviae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Coordinates: 48 ° 22 '54.8 "  N , 9 ° 43' 7.7"  E