Bernhard Strigel

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Bernhard Strigel (* around 1460 in Memmingen ; † May 4, 1528 there ) was a German painter at the transition from the late Gothic to the Renaissance . He comes from the southern German artist family Strigel and shaped the Memmingen School , which is rooted in Upper Swabia .

Maximilian I (1459-1519), portrait in half figure in golden armor , around 1500, Kunsthistorisches Museum , Vienna
Bianca Maria Sforza (1472-1510), Empress, half- length figure , around 1505/1510, Ambras Castle , Innsbruck
Family of Emperor Maximilian I , after 1515, Kunsthistorisches Museum , Vienna - The group portrait is Strigel's best-known work.

Life

The son of the sculptor Ivo Strigel was first mentioned in the Memmingen tax book in 1505. He was initially under the influence of the artist Bartholomäus Zeitblom of the so-called Ulm School . Later, under Dutch influence, he developed “a modern spatial composition and a virtuoso, sometimes bold colorism” in the Mindelheim family altar from 1505 and in the Salem Marienaltar from 1507/08 (catalog: Hispania - Austria).

For Maximilian I , whose court painter he was, he created a number of portraits that were repeatedly copied. The emperor chose Strigel and not the more important Dürer or the Augsburg painters Burgkmaier and Breu , all of whom the emperor knew. Strigel still has a special place in art history in the art of portraiture. The portrait of Maximilian I with insignia from the Maximilianeum in Innsbruck was discovered and restored in private ownership by the Vorarlberg artist and restorer Konrad Honold in 1965 . It is the only previously known portrait of Maximilian in full coronation regalia. A group portrait of Strigel from 1515 shows the emperor with his family. In 1517 Strigel was initially a Memminger "councilor", then as a guild master also a member of the Memmingen council. In this capacity he also worked as an envoy in legal matters for his hometown of Memmingen. He drafted new begging regulations, kept the court seal and was an appraiser for the salt makers. On the back of a commissioned work for the art enthusiast Johannes Cuspinian it says: "Anno humannae reparacionis MDXX Mens octobri ... Bernhardinus Strigil pictor civis Memingen nobilis qui solus edicto Caesare Maximilianu ut olim Apelles Alexandrum pingere iussus has imagines manu sinistra per specula ferme perme sexebagenatarius" . This inscription was the actual starting point of the Strigel research.

Works (selection)

A number of works by Bernhard Strigel are still in the places provided. But many of them were mainly destroyed by the Reformation and secularization or placed in other places. In his home town of Memmingen there is the Strigel Museum , in which numerous exhibits by him and the Strigel family of artists are shown.

Religious and Biblical Representations

Pictures of the altar from the St. George's Chapel (Obersaxen) :

  • Outside left: Evangelist John

  • Left: Barbara from Nikomedia

  • Right: Margaret of Antioch

  • Outside right: John the Baptist

Portraits

  • Portrait of a noble lady , Strigelmuseum Memmingen
  • Four heads and a portrait of an elderly bearded man , Staatsgalerie Stuttgart
  • Sibylla von Freyberg , née Gossenbrod (1479–1521), Alte Pinakothek Munich, picture number 6821
  • Georg Tannstetter (1482–1535), traceable since 1805 in the collections of the Princes of Liechtenstein, Vaduz

Offices

Office 1515 1516 1517 1518 1519 1520 1521 1522 1523 1524 1525 1526 1527 1528
Advice 1517 1520 1521 1524 1525 1528
Guild master 1518 1519 1522 1523 1526 1527
Einunger 1519 1520 1526 1527
Builder 1520 1521 1522 1526 1527
Tax master 1523
two 1516
Judge 1515 1516
Thirteen
Keeper of Frickenhausen 1521
Caretaker of St. Martin
Deputy Nurse v. St. Martin 1521 1526
Receivers of large donation care 1522 1523
Chairman of the salt keepers 1523 1527

Tasks in the documents

task 1515 1516 1517 1518 1519 1520 1521 1522 1523 1524 1525 1526 1527 1528
Keeping the court seal 1523
Drafting a new mead order 1518
Drafting an alms order 1523
Drafting a begging order 1527
Draft court rules 1527
Expert for the salt paver 1523

literature

Strigel Museum
  • Robert Vischer : News about Bernhard Strigel. In: Yearbook of the Royal Prussian Art Collection. Vol. 6, 1885, ISSN  1431-5955 , pp. 38-57.
  • Wilhelm Schmidt :  Strigel . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 36, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1893, p. 589 f. About the painter family with Hans Strigel the Elder, Ivo, Claus and Bernhard Strigel.
  • Gertrud Otto : Bernhard Strigel (= Art Studies. Vol. 33). Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1964.
  • Enikő Zsellér: The Strigel family of artists. Studies of late Gothic painting in Memmingen. Michael Imhof-Verlag, 2017, ISBN 978-3-7319-0563-9 .
  • Konrad Honold: An unknown portrait of Emperor Maximilian I by Bernhard Strigel. In: Tiroler Heimatblätter. Vol. 42, Issue 4/6, 1967, ISSN  0040-8115 , pp. 33-39.
  • Gisela Goldberg: Municipal art collections: State gallery Augsburg. Volume 1: Old German Paintings. Catalog. 3rd edition with supplementary appendix. Bavarian State Painting Collections, Munich 1988.
  • Elsbeth Wiemann: Old German painting. Published by the Stuttgarter Galerieverein eV Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, Stuttgart 1989.
  • Lukas Madersbacher (Red.): Hispania - Austria. Art around 1492. The Catholic kings Maximilian I and the beginnings of the Casa de Austria in Spain. Electa, Milan 1992, ISBN 88-435-4074-2 .
  • Norbert Werner :  Bernhard Strigel. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 11, Bautz, Herzberg 1996, ISBN 3-88309-064-6 , Sp. 54-56.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  • Daniel Hess: With milk porridge and a rod. Family, school and education during the Reformation (= cultural-historical walks in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum. Vol. 8). Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg 2005, ISBN 3-936688-10-9 , passim to the Mindelheim family altar.
  • Mathias F. Müller: Bernhard Strigel. The funk epitaph for the Wiener Neustadt cathedral. A stylistic contribution to the work of the Memmingen painter. In: Our new town. Papers of the Wiener Neustädter Monument Protection Association. Vol. 53, No. 2, 2009, ZDB -ID 2526505-2 , pp. 1-9.

Web links

Commons : Bernhard Strigel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Strigel, Bernhard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter
DATE OF BIRTH around 1460
PLACE OF BIRTH Memmingen
DATE OF DEATH May 4, 1528
Place of death Memmingen