Reddening wrinkled layer fungus
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Reddening wrinkled layer fungus ( Stereum rugosum ) |
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| Stereum rugosum | ||||||||||||
| ( Pers .: Fr. ) Fr. |
The reddening wrinkled layer fungus ( Stereum rugosum ) or wrinkled layer mushroom is a very common fungus from the family of layer mushroom relatives (Stereaceae).
features
The reddening wrinkled layer fungus forms perennial, completely to partially grown fruiting bodies ( resupinate to effus-reflex ). It often forms large cohesive coverings. The surface ( hymenium ) is uneven, whitish or pale ocher to reddish yellow in color. In damp weather, it takes on a grayish to soot-brownish color and is wrinkled to rough. When moist, the fungus turns blood red when it is pressure or injured.
Every year a new layer of fruit grows on top of the older one. This process can take place ten times or more. As a result of this growth, the fruiting bodies can be up to four millimeters thick. The outer edge of the accretion is clearly lighter in color. Protruding parts form mainly on vertical sections of the substrate, where the fungus can be one to two centimeters exposed. These areas are zoned concentrically and have a leathery to woody consistency. The upper side is brownish to almost blackish in color and has a fleeting felt that disappears with age.
The spore powder is white and amyloid . The spores themselves are almost cylindrical in shape, smooth, and measure 6-9 (12) × 2.5-3.5 micrometers.
Species delimitation
The reddening wrinkle layer mushroom is characterized by the layered structure and the reddening of the fruit layer. The bleeding coniferous layer mushroom ( Stereum sanguinolentum ) is similar . It is usually a little thinner, forms clearer hat edges and grows almost exclusively on softwood. The shaggy oak layer mushroom ( St. gausapatum ) has a more felty shaggy top and prefers oak.
ecology
The reddening wrinkle layer fungus can be found in most species of deciduous and mixed forests. Beech forests are preferred , followed by oak-hornbeam and mixed oak forests. The fungus colonizes mainly stored pieces of wood, standing or lying trunks, branches that are still attached or that have already fallen. These are between the initial and final phases of decomposition. Hazel is the primary substrate , followed by red beech , oak and alder . Softwood is very rarely colonized. The fungus often occurs in large numbers and over a large area.
distribution
The reddening wrinkle layer fungus is common in the Holarctic , Australia and New Zealand. In addition to North America and Europe, it can be found in large parts of Asia. In Europe it can be found submeridional to boreal . The area extends from Spain and Italy over all of Western, Central and Northern Europe; the fungus can also be found on the Canary Islands , Madeira and the Azores . In Germany it is widespread from the coast and the islands to the Upper Rhine and the Alps.
swell
literature
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.): The large mushrooms of Baden-Württemberg . Volume 1: General Part. Stand mushrooms: jelly, bark, prick and pore mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3528-0 .
- Ewald Gerhardt: FSVO manual mushrooms. BLV, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-8354-0053-3 .
