Big white poplar blubber
| Big white poplar blubber | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Russula clariana | ||||||||||||
| R. Heim ex Kuyper & Vuure |
The great white poplar blubber ( Russula clariana ) is a fungus from the family of the blubber relatives . Most mycologists doubt the species rank of this deafblings because it cannot be sufficiently differentiated from the aspen and the green-violet deafblings . The very rare Täubling can be found mainly under silver - but also under other poplar species .
features
Macroscopic features
The hat is 5–8 (-10) cm wide, relatively fleshy and often irregular, almost asymmetrically shaped. It is mostly purple and more greenish in color in the middle. Often the hat also has a grayish or steel blue sheen, sometimes it can also be completely greenish or olive green or have grayish spots. In dry weather, the hat skin is matt, it can be peeled off about halfway. The brim of the hat remains rolled up for a relatively long time and is not (or only very briefly and weakly) furrowed.
The relatively distant, fairly wide lamellae are first whitish, then creamy white, later they are more brownish-gray and have a cloudy cream-colored shimmer. The spore powder is pale cream-colored ( IIab after Romagnesi ).
The 3–6 (–8) cm long and 1–2 (–3) cm wide stalk is usually club-shaped and first white, then greyish. It is quite firm for the section, but it soon becomes spongy and later hollow (cavernous).
The dirty white meat tends to be gray in the handle and is relatively firm. It smells clearly of grated geranium leaves and has a very pungent taste. The guaiac reaction is positive.
Microscopic features
The spores are 8–9 (10) µm long and 7–8 µm wide. It is ornamented with burrs or a reticulated pattern. The 40–70 µm long and 6–12 µm wide cystidia are numerous and otherwise without characteristic features, possibly a little heady. The Pileocystiden are cylindrical to club-shaped, 50–100 µm long and 5–12 µm and 0–2-septate. The hyphae ends of the cap skin are about 3–5 (7) µm wide and articulated. They are more or less uniform or narrowed, twisted, sometimes knotty to thickened. The cells below are often interwoven like a puzzle.
Species delimitation
The white poplar blubber is particularly close to the aspen blubber, but its appearance is also strongly reminiscent of the green-violet blubber.
His hat is bigger and coarser than that of the Aspen-Blubber. The purple and green hat color is more reminiscent of the green-purple blubber. It differs from this, however, in that in old age it tends to be more horror than yellow. In addition, its smell is more pelargonium-like, and unpleasantly fishy when dried. Another distinguishing feature are its clearly reticulated ornamented spores and the relatively wider ends of the hat skin hyphae. However, all of these characteristics are not unique in all cases and there are all possible stages of transition between the three types.
Ecology and diffusion
Like all Bluebirds, the very rare Great White Poplar Bluebird is a mycorrhizal fungus that forms a symbiotic partnership with silver poplars and gray poplars. It is mainly found in oak-hornbeam forests and in warm-loving mixed oak forests. He seems to have a preference for heavy loamy soils.
The rare great white poplar blubber seems to be a purely European species; The Täubling has not yet been detected on other continents. Possibly the Täubling is also somewhat more common, but is not differentiated from the very similar aspen-Täubling. The species is very rare in Germany and is on the red list in many federal states , if not completely absent. It is only a little more common in Bavaria.
Systematics
Inquiry systematics
The Great White Poplar Täubling is placed in the Violaceinae section by M. Bon . The section contains sharp-tasting, rather fragile, small species, most of which have a cream-colored spore powder and often a very characteristic odor.
meaning
Like all of the Bluebirds from the Violaceinae section, the Great White Poplar Bluebird is inedible or slightly poisonous.
literature
- Marcel Bon (ed.): Parey's book of mushrooms . Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 , pp. 72 .
- Russula clariana. In: Mycobank (Fungal Nomenclature and Species Databank) . International Mycological Association, accessed February 7, 2014 .
- Henri Romagnesi : Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord . essai sur la valeur taxinomique et specifique des caractères morphologiques et microchimiques des spores et des revêtements. Bordas, Paris 1967, p. 492 (French, MycoBank (Fungal Nomenclature and Species Databank) [accessed February 7, 2014]).
- Russula clariana. In: Partial Russula species database of the CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Center . Retrieved on February 7, 2014 (English, spore drawing and tabular listing of the macro- and microscopic features (based on H. Romagnesis "Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord" )).
- Alfred Einhellinger: The genus Russula in Bavaria . In: Bibliotheca Mycologica . 3. Edition. tape 112 . Berlin / Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 978-3-443-59013-0 , pp. 50 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Monographic Key to European Russulas (1988) (PDF, 1.4 MB): English translation by M. Bons Russula key: . The Russulales website. P. 28. Archived from the original on July 28, 2010. Retrieved March 28, 2011.
- ↑ Russula clariana. (DOC) Russulas. Micologia.biz Web de micología Europea, p. 102 , accessed on March 28, 2011 (Spanish).
- ^ German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 , p. 591.
- ^ Database of mushrooms in Austria. In: austria.mykodata.net. Austrian Mycological Society, accessed on September 10, 2012 .
- ^ Belgian List 2012 - Russula clariana. Retrieved on June 7, 2012 (Täubling rare!).
- ^ Estonian eBiodiversity Species description Russula clariana. In: elurikkus.ut.ee. Retrieved June 13, 2012 .
- ↑ Pertti Salo, Tuomo Niemelä, Ulla Nummela-Salo: SY769 Suomen helttasienten ja tattien ekologia, levinneisyys ja uhanalaisuus . (Finnish lamellar and tube mushrooms: ecology, distribution and threat status). Ed .: Esteri Ohenoja. 2005, ISBN 952-11-1997-7 (Finnish, ymparisto.fi [PDF]).
- ↑ Russula clariana. In: data.gbif.org. Retrieved August 18, 2011 .
- ↑ Mirca Zotti et al .: The macrofungal checklist of Liguria (Italy) . In: Mycotaxon . tape 105 , 2008, ISSN 0093-4666 , p. 167–170 ( mycotaxon.com [PDF; accessed August 31, 2011]).
- ↑ a b Russula clariana in the Pilzoek database. In: pilzoek.de. Retrieved August 18, 2011 .
- ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. (No longer available online.) In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; Retrieved September 10, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Russula clariana. Red lists of large mushrooms in Germany. In: s4ads.com. Retrieved August 18, 2011 .
- ↑ Blood, bile and tears. Blades Part 6 - Sharp Cream Spurs. Der Tintling 96, issue 5/2015, pp. 19–30
Web links
- Russula clariana. In: Russulales News . Bart Buyck, accessed February 7, 2014 (English, original Latin diagnosis).