Wine-red yolk-horned bling
| Wine-red yolk-horned bling | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The wine-red yolk blubber ( Russula decipiens ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Russula decipiens | ||||||||||||
| ( Singer ) Kühner & Romagn. |
The wine-red yolk-deafening ( Russula decipiens ) is a fungus from the family of the deaf relatives . The very rare, sharp-tasting blubber has a flesh-pink colored hat with a mostly cream-colored center. Its spore powder is colored intensely yolk yellow. In southern Germany the Täubling can sometimes be found in oak forests on better soils.
features
Macroscopic features
The hat is 5–10 (–12) cm wide and initially arched, but soon depressed. The edge is curved for a long time and slightly furrowed with age. The hat skin is smooth and shiny and partly drawn over the lamellae. It can be peeled off and is often finely wrinkled with age.
The grown, fairly wide lamellae are very brittle. They are more or less forked, almost bulbous and blunt. In young fruiting bodies they are yellow in color, in ripe ones they are deep orange. The spore powder is yolk yellow ( IVd-e according to Romagnesi ).
The initially white stem is (3–) 6–8 (–10) cm long and 1.5–2.5 cm wide. It is almost cylindrical or slightly club-shaped and becomes hollow with age. At the top it is often floured and otherwise finely wrinkled. It is becoming increasingly brownish and can be a little gray from the base.
The firm flesh is dirty whitish and almost grayish in the pulp. It has no or only a weak, fruity smell that is a little reminiscent of the cherry red Spei-Täubling . The taste is moderately sharp. The meat turns pinkish-orange with iron sulfate and reddish brown with phenol . It also reacts intensely with guaiac.
Microscopic features
The spores are 8-10 µm long and 7-8 µm wide and covered with warts, which are often in chain-like rows and are connected in places with burrs. The cystidia are up to 100 (–130) µm wide and 10–15 (–20) µm long. They are spindle-shaped to bulbous, more or less appendiculated or conically pointed.
The club-shaped Pileocystiden are up to 100 (-150) µm long and 10-13 µm wide. They are not or are simply septate. The 3–2 (–1) µm wide hyphae end cells are elongated, convoluted or rarely clubbed.
Species delimitation
The sharp vermilion deaf ( Russula rubra ) is quite similar , but it has stronger red tones.
ecology
The wine-red yolk deaf, like all deaf, is a mycorrhizal fungus that can enter into a symbiosis with various deciduous trees . Hornbeams , red beeches and oaks can serve as hosts for a symbiotic partnership . The Täubling can sometimes be found in light, summer-warm hornbeam oaks and red beech forests with mixed oaks. But it also occurs in parks.
The fungus prefers neural to alkaline, nutrient-rich, sandy to loamy soils over lime, base-rich silicates and marls. The fruiting bodies appear from early summer to early autumn.
distribution
The wine-red yolk blubber is widespread in North Asia (Russia-Far East), North Africa (Morocco) and Europe. In Europe it is widespread from Spain in the south, through France Benelux to Great Britain in the west and to southern Scandinavia in the north. In Finland it occurs only in Åland .
The Täubling is very rare in Germany, north of the 53 degree latitude it is completely absent. On the red list , it is listed in the risk category RL2.
Systematics
Inquiry systematics
The wine-red yolk-blubber is placed in the Maculatinae ( Urentinae ) subsection within the Insidiosinae section (Subgenus Insidiosula ). The representatives of this subsection usually have red, yellow or purple hats. They taste hot and have a yellow spore powder.
Subspecies and varieties
- Russula decipiens var. Vermiculata Romagn. (1988)
The hat is 3–5 cm wide and is pink to reddish in color, but paler than the type. It has a cream-colored center and often gray-whitish discoloration. The hat skin is shiny on the edge in the middle rather matt. It can be peeled off up to 1/3 of the radius. The lamellae are golden yellow, the spore powder is intensely yolk yellow (IVe according to Romagnesi). The meat tastes very hot, sometimes slightly bitter and tends to yellow and gray. The Täubling can be found under European beech in the Mediterranean area.
meaning
The wine-red yolk-deaf, like all pungent-tasting deafblings and like all representatives of the Maculatinae subsection, is inedible or slightly poisonous.
literature
- Russula decipiens. In: Mycobank (Fungal Nomenclature and Species Databank) . International Mycological Association, accessed February 7, 2014 .
- Henri Romagnesi : Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord . essai sur la valeur taxinomique et specifique des caractères morphologiques et microchimiques des spores et des revêtements. Bordas, Paris 1967, p. 893 (French, MycoBank (Fungal Nomenclature and Species Databank) [accessed February 7, 2014]).
- Russula decipiens. In: Partial Russula species database of the CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Center . Retrieved on February 7, 2014 (English, spore drawing and tabular listing of the macro- and microscopic features (based on H. Romagnesis "Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord" )).
- Alfred Einhellinger: The genus Russula in Bavaria . In: Bibliotheca Mycologica . 3. Edition. tape 112 . Berlin / Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 978-3-443-59056-7 , pp. 63 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Marcel Bon (ed.): Parey's book of mushrooms . Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 , pp. 76 .
- ^ German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 , p. 581.
- ↑ a b Russula decipiens. (PDF (1.4 MB)) Monographic Key to European Russulas. In: The Russulales website w3.uwyo.edu. 1988, p. 43 , archived from the original on July 28, 2010 ; Retrieved June 7, 2011 (English, translation by M. Bon's Russula key).
- ↑ Belgian List 2012 - Russula decipiens. Accessed June 7, 2012 (Täubling rare: Vulnerable).
- ↑ Cvetomir M. Denchev & Boris Assyov: Checklist of the larger basidiomycetes in Bulgaria . In: Mycotaxon . tape 111 , 2010, ISSN 0093-4666 , p. 279–282 ( online [PDF; 592 kB ; accessed on August 31, 2011]).
- ^ Estonian eBiodiversity Species description Russula decipiens. In: elurikkus.ut.ee. Retrieved June 13, 2012 .
- ↑ Worldwide distribution of Russula decipiens. (No longer available online.) In: GBIF Portal / data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014 ; Retrieved August 18, 2011 .
- ↑ Grid map of Russula decipiens. (No longer available online.) In: NBN Gateway / data.nbn.org.uk. Formerly in the original ; accessed on September 24, 2012 (English). ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Russula decipiens in the PILZOEK database. In: pilzoek.de. Retrieved August 18, 2011 .
- ^ Red list data Russula decipiens. In: s4ads.com. Retrieved August 18, 2011 .
- ^ Russula decipiens. (DOC) Russulas. Micologia.biz Web de micología Europea, p. 167 , accessed June 7, 2011 (Spanish).
Web links
- Synonyms of Russula decipiens. In: speciesfungorum.org. Index Fungorum, accessed June 7, 2011 .
- Russula decipiens. In: Russulales News . Bart Buyck, accessed February 7, 2014 (English, original Latin diagnosis).
- Russula decipiens. In: Funghi in Italia / funghiitaliani.it. Retrieved February 7, 2014 (Italian, photos of the Weinroten Dotter-Täubling).