Burgundy gray-stalked blubber
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Burgundy gray-stalked deafblings ( Russula vinosa ); Photo: Jerzy Opioła |
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| Russula vinosa | ||||||||||||
| Lindblad |
The wine-red gray-stalked deafness ( Russula vinosa , syn .: Russula obscura ) is a fungus from the family of the deaf relatives . The rare Täubling occurs in subalpine coniferous forests and can be easily recognized by its red or purple-brown hat and the graying flesh and blackening lamellae.
features
Macroscopic features
The Täubling is quite similar in appearance to the orange-red gray-stalked Täubling . The 5–10 cm wide hat is soon spread out, then depressed and, with age, even deepened in a funnel shape. The edge is curved. The hat color is usually red-brown to purple-brown, more or less chestnut brown in the middle, sometimes more reddish bronze, copper or dirty yellow. Sometimes the middle is also olive green or pink or more or less pale purple to ocher-brownish. The hat skin is quite shiny, but when it is dry it tends to be matt and the edge is almost frosted. It is about 2/3 removable.
The distant, rather brittle lamellae are cream-colored to pale yellowish in color and later become more or less dirty grayish or turn blackish from the edge. The spore powder is light loosener ( IIIa-IIIb after Romagnesi ).
The often wrinkled stem is 4–7 (-10) cm long and 1–2, rarely 3 cm wide. It is white at first and turns dirty grayish to black with age. The stem meat is quite spongy.
The white and more or less reddening meat tastes mild and gray or blackens with age. A smell is hardly noticeable. With iron sulphate the meat turns greenish to greyish, with 10% formalin it turns reddish. The guaiac reaction is slow and weak.
Microscopic features
The spores are 8–11 µm long and 7.5–8.5 µm wide and are covered with isolated, fine, prickly warts. The cystidia are sometimes up to 100 µm long, at the tip more or less clubbed or narrowed. The cuticular hyphae end cells are 3–4 µm wide and uniform. The primordial hyphae are 5–7 µm wide and have rough incrustations . Laticifera occur in the subcutis and are only weakly stained with sulfobenzaldehyde .
Ecology and diffusion
The wine-red greyish-stemmed deafblings are like all deafblings a mycorrhizal fungus that can enter into a symbiosis with various conifers. It is found in moist, sub- to alpine or boreal coniferous forests and continental peat bogs. In the Alps it can rise to the stone pine region . The Täubling prefers acidic soils.
In Germany the species is generally very rare, in many federal states it is listed in the risk category RL1 on the red list , only in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania it seems to be somewhat more common.
Systematics
Inquiry systematics
The wine-red greyish-stem-pigeon is a representative of the subsection Integroidinae , a subsection that is within the section Lilaceae . The subsection combines medium-sized deafblings with ocher or pale yellow spore powder, the flesh of which is gray or black. The meat tastes mild, but sometimes clearly spicy in the lamellae. The top layer of the hat skin ( epicutis ) contains encrusted primordial hyphae but no dermatocystids.
meaning
The burgundy gray-stalked Täubling is edible, but should be spared due to its rarity in Germany.
literature
- Russula vinosa. In: Russula database. CBS Fungal Biodiversity Center, accessed April 27, 2011 .
- H. Romagnesi: Russula vinosa. In: Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord (1967). MycoBank, the Fungal website, accessed April 27, 2011 (French).
Web links
- Spore drawing of Russula vinosa. after H. Romagnesi, (1967), website of the CBS Fungal Biodiversity Center. Retrieved April 26, 2011.
- Russula vinosa. In: Funghi in Italia / funghiitaliani.it. Retrieved on May 3, 2012 (Italian, Gute Fotos vom Weinroten Graustiel-Täubling).
- Russula vinosa. In: Russulales News . Bart Buyck, accessed May 3, 2012 (English, photos and nomenclature).
Individual evidence
- ^ Synonyms of Russula vinosa. In: Index Fungorum / speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved May 3, 2012 .
- ↑ Marcel Bon (ed.): Parey's book of mushrooms . Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 , pp. 64 .
- ↑ a b Monographic Key to European Russulas (1988). (PDF; 1.4 MB) In: English translation by M. Bons Russula key :. The Russulales Website, p. 92 , archived from the original on July 28, 2010 ; Retrieved April 27, 2011 .
- ^ Roger Phillips: Russula vinosa. (No longer available online.) Rogers Mushrooms, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved April 27, 2011 .
- ^ Basidiomycota Checklist-Online - Russula vinosa. In: basidiochecklist.info. Retrieved October 12, 2012 .
- ↑ Cvetomir M. Denchev, Boris Assyov: Checklist of the larger basidiomycetes in Bulgaria . In: Mycotaxon . tape 111 , 2010, ISSN 0093-4666 , p. 279–282 ( online (PDF; 592 kB) [accessed on August 31, 2011]).
- ^ Estonian eBiodiversity Species description Russula vinosa. In: elurikkus.ut.ee. Retrieved June 13, 2012 .
- ↑ Worldwide distribution of Russula vinosa. In: data.gbif.org. Retrieved August 21, 2011 .
- ^ Z. Athanassiou, I. Theochari: Compléments à l'inventaire des Basidiomycètes de Grèce . In: Mycotaxon . Vol. 79, 2001, pp. 401-415 ( online ). online ( Memento from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Gordana Kasom, Mitko Karadelev: Survey of the family Russulaceae (Agaricomycetes, Fungi) in Montenegro . In: Warsaw Versita (ed.): Acta Botanica Croatica . tape 71 , no. (2) , 2012, ISSN 0365-0588 , p. 1–14 ( online [PDF]). online ( Memento from April 27, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Nahuby.sk - Atlas hub - Russula vinosa. In: nahuby.sk. Retrieved October 12, 2012 .
- ↑ a b Russula vinosa in the PilzOek database. In: pilzoek.de. Retrieved August 21, 2011 .
- ^ TV Andrianova and others: Russula obscura. Fungi of Ukraine. (No longer available online.) In: www.cybertruffle.org.uk/ukrafung/eng. 2006, archived from the original on November 27, 2015 ; accessed on May 3, 2012 .
