Saxon loess field

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Natural regions in Saxony
Systematics according to Natural areas and natural area potentials of the Free State of Saxony
Natural region Saxon loess field
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  N , 13 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  E Coordinates: 51 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  N , 13 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  E
The natural region of the Saxon loess region
The natural region of the Saxon loess region
state Saxony
Country Germany

A natural region in Saxony is called the Saxon loess field . The systematics of the natural areas in Saxony groups the natural spatial units of the upper choral level ( macro geochores ) into three natural regions in order to clarify their classification on a regional scale.

When viewed across borders, the Saxon loess region presents itself as part of the European loess belt that extends from Belgium to Ukraine; on the other hand, a large part of its area is also included in the North German lowlands as part of the division of Germany into large natural regions . The natural region stretches across Saxony as a more or less wide band and takes up around 50% of the area. At the western edge it extends from north to south about 100 km, at the eastern edge about 40 km. In the area of Bautzen , it is squeezed together to about 15 km between the neighboring natural regions. In the north, the Saxon-Niederlausitzer Heideland , which is characterized by glacial and fluvio-glacial sediments and is part of the North German lowlands, borders. The southern boundary is formed by the Saxon Uplands and Central Uplands , which are part of the natural spatial greater region of the Uplands Threshold.

The unifying characteristics of the natural areas included in the loess field are the more or less thick blankets of aeolian sediments from the Vistula glaciation ( loess , sand loess , quicksand), the resulting micro-relief forms and soil associations as well as the plant communities of potential natural vegetation . On the other hand, the influence of the deep geological subsurface, which is structured in different ways, recedes.

In Saxony, the term “Gefilde” is used to designate areas whose landscape is characterized by fields, i. H. in which the agricultural use dominates. Mostly it is old settlements that have been in culture for many centuries, sometimes also old settlements with cultural evidence going back to prehistory. In these areas, the forest now only has an area of ​​5% and is often tied to special locations. The relics of the naturally large-scale forest communities to be expected are correspondingly fragmentary: rennet-hornbeam-oak forest and grove-oak -beech forest . The Saxon loess field is home to around 16% of Saxony's nature reserve area, spread over 78 areas (see list of nature reserves in Saxony ). The proportion of NSG in the area of ​​the natural region is far below average at 0.9%, but there are many area natural monuments that can be up to five hectares in size in Saxony.

Natural structure

The following macrogeochores are currently assigned to the Saxon loess region (for a detailed breakdown, see the list of natural spatial units in Saxony ):

In addition to the margins and mainly outside of the Saxon processing area:

The outline draft of the Handbook of Natural Spatial Structure of Germany from the 1950s divided the forerunners of these natural areas as so-called main units into several main unit groups , which were partly based on large geomorphological forms and partly on traditional landscape concepts (excerpt):

  • 44 OBERLAUSITZ
    • 440 Neisse area
    • 441 Lusatian highlands
    • 442 East Lusatian foothills
    • 443 West Lusatian foothills
    • 444 Lusatian climes
  • 45 ORE MOUNTAIN FORLAND
    • 450 Central Saxon loess loam hill country
    • 451 Ore Mountains Basin
    • 452 Upper Pleißeland
  • 46 SAXON HILL COUNTRY (INCLUDING LEIPZIGER LAND)
    • 460 Dresden Elbe Valley area
    • 461 Lusatian plate
    • 462 Grossenhainer care
    • 463 Central Saxon loess area
    • 464 Oschatz hill country
    • 465 Grimma Porphyry Hills
    • 466 Altenburg-Zeitzer loess area
    • 467 Leipziger Land

As early as 1960, Ernst Neef published an alternative draft that introduced the term “Saxon field zone”. The progress in knowledge and the further developed or even created database led in the following decades to various changes both in the drawing of boundaries and in the hierarchy. Some former main units such as the Oschatzer Hügelland are now classified as meso geochoric .

When comparing the historical and the current structure, the shifts in the political territories must also be taken into account. Around 1960 the three GDR districts of Leipzig , Karl-Marx-Stadt (Chemnitz) and Dresden were to be understood under the processing area “Saxony” . The former “Brandenburg” districts of Weißwasser and Hoyerswerda were added to the Free State of Saxony, which was re-established in 1990, while the districts of Altenburg and Schmölln were transferred to Thuringia.

See also

swell

  • K. Mannsfeld, O. Bastian, A. Kaminski, W. Katzschner, M. Röder, R.-U. Syrbe, B. Winkler: Landscapes in Saxony. In: Messages of the Landesverein Sächsischer Heimatschutz eV special issue. 2005, DNB 997529431 .
  • K. Mannsfeld, R.-U. Syrbe (Ed.): Natural spaces in Saxony. with map supplement Natural structure of Saxony. (= Research on German regional studies. Volume 257). German Academy for Regional Studies, self-published, Leipzig 2008, ISBN 978-3-88143-078-4 .
  • K. Mannsfeld, O. Bastian, J. Bieler, S. Gerber, A. König, M. Lütz, S. Schulze, R.-U. Syrbe: Final report of the work unit "Natural balance and regional character" 1965–2007.
  • Landschaftsforschungszentrum eV Dresden: Research system for natural spaces and natural space potentials of the Free State of Saxony. (Map view of the natural regions: in the "Subjects" tab, expand the "Natural areas" folder, activate the "Natural regions" checkbox)
  • Saxon State Ministry for Environment and Agriculture (Ed.): Nature reserves in Saxony. Central brochure dispatch of the Saxon State Government, Dresden 2008, ISBN 978-3-932627-17-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ernst Neef: The natural spatial structure of Saxony. In: Sächsische Heimatblätter. Special print. 1960.