Solanum sect. Regmandra
| Solanum sect. Regmandra | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Solanum sect. Regmandra | ||||||||||||
| ( Dunal ) Ugent |
The section Solanum sect. Regmandra is part of the plant genus of nightshade ( Solanum ). The section includes about 11 species that are common in the Loma formations of the coastal deserts of Peru and Chile .
description
Vegetative characteristics
The species of the Regmandra section are unreinforced, annual or perennial herbaceous plants that can reach a height of up to 1 m. Their hair consists of simple, single-row, single- or multicellular, in most cases non-glandular trichomes . The sympodial units usually contain only one leaf , in some species more, but the leaves are never in pairs.
The leaves are alternate, are often fleshy and simple, pinnate, bifurcated or seldom divided by three. The leaf blade is ovate to elliptical, but also often varies within a species. In Solanum brachyantherum , the leaves are hairy with glands.
Inflorescences and flowers
The inflorescences are terminal cymes , but they also appear regularly in the armpits. They can be branched or unbranched. The flower stalks are articulated at or near the base and enlarge on the fruit.
The flowers are five-fold, hermaphroditic and radial symmetry. The calyx , which is permanent on the fruit, is urn-shaped, the calyx lobes are ovate to elliptical and enlarged on the fruit. The crown is white, blue, purple, lavender or lavender, pentagonal or wheel-shaped, membranous and measures between 5 and 32 mm in diameter.
The stamens can be of the same shape or of different shapes, in which case the stamens attached near the corolla base appear in different lengths. The anthers are elongated, tapered towards the tip in two species and colored yellow. They are not bent together and open via pores at the tips that widen to form longitudinal slits. The ovary is uppermost and hairless. The stylus can also be hairless or hairy, it is cylindrical and not curved. The scar is split or heady.
Fruits and seeds
The fruits are spherical berries that are hairless and whitish, green, red or black in color. Stone cells can be found in the fruits of most species . With the exception of Solanum pinnatum with only a few seeds , the fruits of all species contain a large number of seeds. These are flattened, hairless, round or vice versa egg-shaped and colored pale to dark brown. The seed surface is granular.
Distribution and locations
The species of the Regmandra section occur in the Loma formations of the coastal deserts of Peru and Chile , between 7 ° and 37 ° southern latitude at altitudes up to 1000 m. Only Solanum paposanum can also be found further inland on the western slopes of the Andes in southern Peru and in northern Chile at altitudes of up to 3500 m.
Systematics
External system
Molecular biological studies suggest that the Regmandra section is monophyletic and separated from the other groups within the nightshade ( Solanum ) early on. The exact position within the genus has not yet been clarified.
Internal system
About 11 species are distinguished within the section:
|
|
supporting documents
- JR Bennett: Revision of Solanum section Regmandra. In: Edinburgh Journal of Botany. Volume 65, Number 1, 2008. pp. 69-112, doi : 10.1017 / S0960428608004903 .