SM UD 1
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| Construction data | |
| Ship type | Submarine |
| Ship class | Submarine cruiser |
| Construction designation: | Project 50 |
| Builder: |
Kaiserliche Werft Kiel in Kiel construction no .: 44 |
| Keel laying : | only construction preparation, planned November 1918 |
| Launch : | |
| Completion: | |
| Building-costs: | k. A. |
| Technical specifications | |
| Displacement : | 3,629 ts standard 4,233 ts submerged |
| Length: | 125.8 m |
| Width: | 11.6 m |
| Draft : | 6.45 m |
| Drive : | 4 × immersion tanks (patent Wölke) 4 × steam turbines with 24,000 HP 2 × diesel engines 900 HP 2 × SSW - electric motors 3,800 HP 2 propellers |
| Fuel supply: | 415.2 t |
| Speed : | 23–25 kn surfaced 9.5 kn submerged |
| Range : | k. A. |
| maximum diving depth: | 100 m |
| Crew : | 124 men |
| Armament: | 4 × 150 mm Utof C16 L / 45 8 × 500 mm torpedo tubes 16 reserve torpedoes |
SM UD 1 was a projected submarine of the Imperial Navy during the First World War . As a very rapid trade disruptor, it was supposed towage atrade waragainst Great Britainaccording to the price order in remote sea areas.
prehistory
In August 1916, after a meeting in the Reichsmarineamt, the admiral's staff expressed the wish to construct powerful, armored and above all fast cruiser-sized submarines, so-called U-cruisers , for the trade war against Great Britain . Subsequently, the submarine inspection started considering possible types of propulsion: Both the diesel engine and the steam turbine came into consideration as surface propulsion.
Project 47
The initially favored project with diesel engines was given the designation Project 47 and represented a very large submarine over 100 m in length and more than 4000 t displacement. The armament should consist of four 15.0 cm and two 8.8 cm Cannons and eight torpedo tubes. However, the Admiralty's staff was very critical of this draft. Because compared to the 2000 t boats of Project 46a , which had already been commissioned, only a slight increase in combat strength and no increase in surface speed was achieved in relation to the large increase in displacement, the increase in costs and the longer construction period.
Construction history
Based on the project 47 study , it was considered whether the increase in speed could not be remedied by a steam turbine drive. In both Great Britain and France there were steam-electric submarines in large numbers. The biggest problem here was the elimination of boiler heat when diving and the large pressure-tight closures of the smoke outlets. However, after the experience that water tube boilers do not have to explode if they come into contact with much colder seawater, the engineer H. Wölke and the Naval builder Schäfer constructed a diving tank that could be flooded while diving. They were set up on the side of the hull outside the pressure hull in special pressure-tight rooms and could be operated from inside the boat.
At the beginning of 1918, the work in the construction department of the submarine inspection was so far completed that a copy was commissioned as a war order AA in February 1918 from the Kaiserliche Werft in Kiel under construction number K 44. The slipway, which was still occupied with the new construction of the small cruiser Frauenlob , was intended as a slipway, which was only free when it was launched on October 16, 1918. In May, the Schnürboden and workshop work began under great secrecy . The frame models were removed from the Schnürboden in June. Until the end of the war, however, the keel was no longer laid. When the revolutionary movement attacked the shipyard, the order was given to destroy all secret information and in particular the plans for UD 1.
The only two official sources still available are the building regulations and the general plan stored in the Federal Archives-Military Archives in Freiburg im Breisgau . Some of the technical information has been passed on through personal communication or through notes from employees of the design office.
literature
- Eberhard Rössler : German submarines 1898-1918 ES Mittler & Sohn Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn 2011 ISBN 978-3-8132-0926-6 .
- Eberhard Rössler: History of the German submarine construction. Vol. 1 Development, construction and characteristics of the German submarines from the beginnings until 1943. Bernard & Graefe Koblenz 1986 ISBN 3-7637-5801-1 .
- Eberhard Rössler: The submarines of the Imperial Navy. Bernard & Graefe Bonn 1997 ISBN 3-7637-5963-8 .
- Erich Gröner : The German warships 1815-1945. Bd. 3 U-boats, auxiliary cruisers, mine ships, net layers, barrier breakers. Bernard & Graefe Koblenz 1985 ISBN 3-7637-4802-4 .
- Erich Gröner: UD 1 (UK 50), a turbine U-cruiser. In: Marine-Rundschau 53 (1956); H. 4: 118-123.