Hall church (Ingelheim)
The pre-Romanesque evangelical hall church is the second or third oldest church in Ingelheim am Rhein .
The name does not derive from the fact that it is a hall church , but rather from the location of the church in the "hall" area of the Nieder-Ingelheim district , in which the Ingelheimer Kaiserpfalz formerly stood.
architecture
The church has a single nave in the shape of a Latin cross . The apse is flanked to the north and south by two narrow towers. Today's main tower was not built until 1861. The church is now plastered in two colors on the outside. With red plaster, building mass from the Ottonian period is particularly emphasized.
The arched windows, which are comparatively high above the ground, as well as the overall slightly squat construction, give the building a defiant impression and thus already hint at the emerging Romanesque architecture.
The depiction of a lamb struck by a lion on the fighter on the south side of the apse is remarkable .
The monumental crossing arches are striking inside . which clearly separate the crossing from the nave, transept and apse.
The three windows in the apse were created in 1963 by Heinz Hindorf. They show from left to right: Moses with the tablets of the law, Christ as risen and John the Baptist .
history
The Ingelheimer Kaiserpfalz had a small palace chapel under the patronage of St. Peter , but the spiritual center - especially for high holidays or the Synod of 948 - was the nearby Remigius Church .
For a long time, today's church was regarded as identical to the St. Peter's Chapel, which belonged to the Imperial Palatinate. However, through finds of Pingsdorf pottery in the floor, Sage / Wengenroth-Weimann / Ament were able to prove that today's building must have been built after 900, i.e. under Ottonian rule.
According to recent research, the real reason for the building of a representative church in the area of the imperial palace was the so-called festive coronations in the 10th century. Two sacred buildings were required for this event, which made a new building absolutely necessary.
The church received its present form in the middle of the 12th century under Barbarossa .
The Imperial Palace had passed the zenith of its political meaning already long as Charles IV. On January 14, 1345 in the hall the Karl Münster -called Augustinian Monastery founded, whose part was henceforth the Church. This fact initially saved them from sharing the fate of the surrounding buildings and from serving as a quarry for the settlement of the hall, which began in 1402 . In the course of the Reformation , however, the monastery was abolished in 1576 and the church abandoned as a place of worship. In a report by Nicolaus Lindenmayr from 1638 it says that the church collapsed during the Thirty Years' War from Swedish troops except for the choir and the walls of the transept.
After the end of the Palatinate War of Succession , the Reformed congregation was assigned the hall church as a place of worship in 1705, which they used again from 1707. However, the reconstruction, which took until 1792, was not lucky. As early as 1794, the church was confiscated by French revolutionary troops and served as a horse stable, hospital and prison. The renovation could not start again until 1803 and on August 26, 1804 the first service after the turmoil of the revolution took place.
The complete reconstruction of the church in its historical dimensions - in particular the rebuilding of the nave - was not completed until 1965.
During the COVID-19 pandemic , several ZDF television services have been broadcast from the church since March 2020. Volker Jung preached in the television service on March 29, 2020, Annette Kurschus in the service on April 12, 2020 (Easter Sunday) , Wolfgang Huber in the service on April 26, 2020 and Heinrich Bedford-Strohm in the service on May 3, 2020 .
Organs
There are three organs in the hall church :
- In the crossing there is a small positive organ with a mechanical slide , built by the Förster & Nicolaus Orgelbau workshop .
- In the right transept there is a historic organ that stood on the west gallery until 2008, but has now been moved to the transept where the instrument was originally built.
- On the west gallery space was made for a new main organ, which was inaugurated at the end of 2013.
Dreymann organ
The organ in the right transept was created in 1853 by Bernhard Dreymann (Mainz). Conversions were made in 1969 by Kemper and 1985 by Förster & Nicolaus. The console is in the middle of the main work, so that the organist has his back to the worship room.
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
Skinner organ
In 2008 the congregation acquired a used organ from the First Presbyterian Church in Passaic (New Jersey), USA - with the exception of the organ case and the prospect pipes, which were listed and had to remain in the church. This instrument was built in 1930 by Ernest Martin Skinner ; in 1952, the successor company Aeolian-Skinner expanded the instrument to include the echo movement that was planned in 1930 .
The sonically largely unchanged instrument was extensively restored by the organ building company Johannes Klais (Bonn) and installed in a new case and with a new play system on the west gallery of the hall church in 2013; the Echowerk was set up as a choir organ in the south transept under the gallery of the Dreymann organ; In addition, the organ was extended with original Spinner pipes based on the model of other Skinner organs. Today the organ has 82 ranks (rows of pipes and extracts that are not comparable with the counting of the "German registers") with a total of 3967 pipes on four manual works and pedal. The registers of Choir, Swell and Solo Organ have been expanded to c 5 with a view to the numerous octave couplings . The total weight of the organ system is around 20 tons.
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Couple
- Normal coupling: I / IV; II / I, II / III, II / IV; III / I, III / II, III / IV; IV / I, IV / II; I / P, II / P, III / P, IV / P
- Sub-octave coupling: I / IV; II / I, II / III; III / I, III / II, III / IV; IV / I, IV / II,
- Super octave coupling: I / IV; II / I, II / III, II / IV; III / I, III / II, III / IV; IV / I, IV / II; I / P, II / P, III / P, IV / P, P / P
- Special coupling : Superkoppel II / I 5 1 ⁄ 3 ′; Orchestral on I, II, III
- Effect register: Celesta, Harp, Chimes
The dimensions of the hall church
- Interior length without apse: 32 m
- Width of the central nave: 12.5 m
- Width of the transepts: 8.1 m
- Inner width: 28.7 m
Church musician
See also: History of the city of Ingelheim
literature
- Christian Rauch: The art monuments in the people's state of Hesse - Bingen district . Hessischer Staatsverlag, Darmstadt, 1934
- Karl Heinz Henn: The history of the hall church in Ingelheim am Rhein . Evangelical Saalkirchengemeinde (ed.), Ingelheim 2004
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Ernst Emmerling: Essays on Ingelheim and the Ingelheimer Grund , Ingelheim 1967
- ↑ https://www.allgemeine-zeitung.de/lokales/ingelheim/ingelheim/zdf-fernsehgottesdienst-aus-der-ingelheimer-saalkirche_21482566
- ↑ https://www.zdf.de/gesellschaft/gottesdienste/evangelischer-gottesdienst-386.html
- ↑ https://www.evangelisch-in-westfalen.de/aktuelles/detailansicht/news/naehe-die-mehr-ist-als-anfassen/?L=0&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&cHash= 072f9c63a09414a8691c9edb360c07b3
- ↑ https://www.zdf.de/gesellschaft/gottesdienste/evangelischer-gottesdienst-384.html
- ↑ https://www.zdf.de/gesellschaft/gottesdienste/evangelischer-gottesdienst-392.html
- ↑ Information on the Skinner organ (as of June 10, 2018)
Coordinates: 49 ° 58 ′ 39.9 " N , 8 ° 4 ′ 20.4" E