St. Remigius (Ingelheim)
The current appearance of the Catholic parish church of St. Remigius in Nieder- Ingelheim is characterized by a Staufer, late Romanesque tower to which a baroque nave built in the 18th century adjoins. The building is under the protection of the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict .
architecture
The entire property has been surrounded by a wall since 1387. A memorial plaque at the southern entrance commemorates Sebastian Münster , who was born in 1488 not far from the church in what was then the Heilig-Geist-Spital.
tower
The five-storey tower was built between 1155 and 1160 under Emperor Barbarossa . Above the entrance there is a Romanesque lintel showing a lamb of God . As you can see from the cut-off crosses, this lintel was not originally intended for this place. Only the foundation of a second tower has been preserved and it cannot be assumed that it was ever built.
Longhouse
To the north of the tower is the single-nave nave built in 1739 by Kaspar Valerius from Heidelberg . The long sides are interrupted by four arched windows and structured on the outside by pilaster strips. On the west side, two elliptical windows provide light for the organ gallery. On the arch at the transition to the choir is the year 1739 and above it in a medallion a representation of St. To see Remigius .
The pentagonal choir rises two steps above the nave and is partially separated from it by the remains of the old communion bench . On the north side of the choir there is a fresco with a Last Supper scene and a figure of St. Remigius of Reims . Opposite on the south side there is a fresco with the sacrifice of Abraham , a figure of St. Kilian and the epitaph of the pastor Franz Joseph Förschter. The ceiling is decorated with a representation of the Trinity.
The high altar from the Rococo , created in 1775 by Johann Jakob Junker, shows a scene of the crucifixion in sandstone. The cross is flanked to the left and right by figures of Mary and John. A kneeling Maria Magdalena is depicted between the figure of Mary and the cross . There is a skull relief under the cross.
The baptismal font, created in 1721 in the shape of a chalice with a candelabra base, is also made of sandstone.
There is a side altar from 1745 on the north and south of the Chorgenick: in the north an early Baroque Mother of God altar with a relief of an Annunciation scene in the gable and in the south a side altar consecrated to St. Nepomuk with a tabernacle and relief of a lintel scene in the gable.
The figurines of Saints remind of the activities of the Jesuits , who maintained missionary goods near the church. Franz Xavier and St. Aloysius under the organ gallery.
The affiliation of the entire area to Ingelheim Kurpfalz still indicates the Palatine coat of arms above the south door.
The inner nave was renovated in the early 1990s; the ceiling paintings followed in 2003.
history
The history of the Remigius Church goes back to the early Middle Ages. As things stand today, at least three previous buildings have been identified, the oldest archaeological finds in this regard can be dated to the 6th or 7th century. This church can thus be described as one of the earliest Merovingian church foundations on the Middle Rhine.
The first written mention of the church is in a document from Emperor Ludwig from the year 822. In this he confirms a donation from Karlmann from 741, in which "25 cells and churches" are added to the newly founded diocese of Würzburg, including the Remigius Church. ( …, Et ecclesiam in villa Hengilonheim in honore sancti Remegii,…) . As a result, the church received a patronage from the Würzburg diocese saint Kilian.
In the course of the establishment of the imperial palace , the church was used as a palace chapel. In June 948 the universal synod of Ingelheim met in ecclesia beati Remigii , chaired by the papal cardinal legate Marinus von Bomarzo , in which King Otto and Ludwig of France also took part. Here a schism in the Archdiocese of Reims was resolved, the synod recognized Artold von Reims as the legitimate archbishop.
In 1270, Dean Berthold and the Würzburg Cathedral Monastery sold all of Ingelheim's properties, including the church, to the Dean Walter of the St. Stephen's Monastery in Mainz for 200 Cologne marks.
In the centuries before the Reformation, the district of the Nieder-Ingelheim church consisted of the church of St. Nikolaus in Frei-Weinheim , the church of St. Margaretha in Sporkenheim and the chapel of the Ingelheimerhausen monastery, which was abolished in 1535 .
According to the hall guard, there were three altars in the parish church during this period:
- Holy Cross Altar, 1336–1540
- Our Lady Altar, 1399–1523
- Nicholas Altar, 1497–1501
There were also four chapels in the parish:
- Altar to the Holy Spirit
- Located in the Heilig-Geist-Spital, the birthplace of Sebastian Munster, which existed from 1316 until its auction on August 14, 1835.
- Michael's Chapel from 1336
- Located in the immediate vicinity of the church and built over the church ossuary
- Peterskapelle in the hall
- Not to be confused with the old palace chapel of the imperial palace
- Kreuzkapelle or Kreuzkirche
- From 1497 to 1565. Some parts of the demolition material were probably used in 1739 for the construction of the new Remigius Church.
The last written mention of the Kilian patronage dates from 1486:
- II quarter ackers on the heydeßheimer wege gefor Schußhen and zu gives a halp punt olys of the churches sant Kylian .
"Cuius regio, eius religio"
In the course of the Reformation, the Kilian's Church was looked after by Lutheran pastors between 1556 and 1565. Since in 1565 by Friedrich III. When the Reformed faith was introduced, the Lutheran pastor had to give way to a Reformed one.
In the Thirty Years' War the Catholics were given their old church again in 1626, but the Catholic teachers and priests had to leave the place as early as 1630 when Swedish troops occupied the area.
In 1705, all three Christian denominations were permitted in the Electoral Palatinate with the electoral Dusseldorf religious declaration. As a result, the Catholic congregation received the former St. Kilian's Church back, while the Reformed congregation came into possession of the present-day hall church .
New building
As the importance of Nieder-Ingelheim declined over the centuries, the church was also increasingly neglected. The baptismal register noted on March 5, 1739: The church was in ruins and had to be torn down. During this demolition on March 18, two workers were killed by collapsing rubble. In 1740 the new church was completed. It was only consecrated on October 8, 1767 by the then Auxiliary Bishop of Mainz, Christoph Nebel , together with the consecration of the St. Michaelskirche Ober-Ingelheim and St. Michael in Frei-Weinheim. The Mainz Bishop Ludwig Maria Hugo allowed St. Kilian as the second patronage.
Pastor since 1300
- 1320 NN
- 1336 Diethmar von Herborn
- 1330–1355 Arnold von Ba (o?) Benhausen and Nikolaus von Frankfurt as a journeyman of the aforementioned pastor
- 1391–1398 Kraft von Eltville
- 1418-1427 NN
- 1438–1451 Johann Kannengießer
- 1457 Gerlach Frankenberg
- 1473–1474 Goar (?)
- 1476–1479 Johann Beyerling / Beynling
- 1488–1518 Wiegand Pistor (is)
- In the times of the Reformation there were first Lutheran, then Reformed pastors in the church
- –1565 D. Petrus (Lutheran)
- June 30, 1565 - Josias Stingel (ref.)
- 1521–1527 Philipp Malsenberg (-burg?)
- 1531–1536 Johann Bytzel (?)
- 1540 Nicolaus Acker
- 1627–1628 Petrus Cuttolinus / Cutelinus
- before 1693 Deppes / Doppes
- 1693–1702 Heinrich Dippel
- 1707–1718 CW Fischer (country chant since 1702)
- 1719 Caspar Croll
- 1724–1737 Erwin Johann Fabricius
- 1737–1740 Andreas Hammer († July 18, 1740), builder of today's church.
- 1740–1765 Johann Friedrich Franz Förschter
- 1765 Philipp Adam Graus
- 1776 Ludwig Riester
- 1803–1805 Heinrich Graf
- 1805–1820 Johann Adam Baumgarten, OSB
- 1820–1833 Peter Anton Greipp
- 1833-1858 Adam Wagner
- until 1898 Karl Alexander Cloßmann
- 1898–1901 Michael Jäger
- 1901–1914 Friedrich Waller
- 1914–1929 Franz Helbig
- 1929–1958 Wilhelm Carl Weil
- 1958–1979 Heinrich Joseph Schuster
- 1979–1993 Nikolaus Derstroff (also pastor of St. Michael Ober-Ingelheim)
- 1993–2008 Bernd Weckwerth (also pastor of St. Michael Ober-Ingelheim)
- 2008–2014 Tobias Schäfer (also pastor of St. Michael Ober-Ingelheim)
- since 2014 Christian Feuerstein (also pastor of St. Michael Ober-Ingelheim; since January 1, 2016 also of St. Michael Frei-Weinheim with St. Paulus Ingelheim-West and the parish rectorate St. Marien Sporkenheim)
Graves
Inside the church
- Andreas Hammer († July 18, 1740), pastor. Builder of today's church.
- Johann Friedrich Franz Förschter († April 9, 1765), pastor.
- Anton Otto von Closs († 1737), General Palatinate and benefactor of the parish
- The unmarked graves of these are in the choir room.
- Gerhard von Schrieck
- Maria Anna von D'Elvaz, widow of Gerhard von Schrieck
- Johann Leopold von Lorang, second husband of Maria Anna von D'Elvaz
Outside the church
- Rev. Johann Erwin Fabricius († 1737), builder of the crucifixion group.
- Rev. Karl Alexander Cloßmann (1828–1898)
- Rev. Friedrich Waller (born June 26, 1853, † October 29, 1922)
- Rev. Franz Helbig (1873–1929)
- Rev. Wilhelm Karl Weil (1883–1962)
- Rev. Heinrich Schuster (1913–1980)
- Baron Heinrich Joseph du Mont von Monten, b. Heinrich Joseph Dumont († December 9, 1813), KuK colonel
Epitaphs
- Anton Otto von Cloß (* 1660 in or near Roermond , † October 26, 1737 Ingelheim), General Sergeant (Gen. Maj.), Founder of the Ingelheim Jesuit Mission
- Gerhard von Schrieck († August 19, 1757)
Bells
| Surname | Dimensions | volume | inscription |
|---|---|---|---|
| St. Remigius | 2000 kg | of | Anselm and Lucas Speck pour me on Nieder-Ingelheim - Anno 1789 |
| St. Kilian | 1000 kg | it | Anselm and Lucas Speck pour me on Nieder-Ingelheim - Anno 1789 |
| St. Mary | 800 kg | f | Dear Mary with the child, give us all your blessings. 1952 |
| Holy Cross | 550 kg | as | O cross be high! Hope in the time of suffering! 1957 |
| St. Lazarus | 350 kg | b | St. Lazarus, protect us in all suffering! 1957 |
| 150 kg | e | In 1727 Georg Christoph Roth poured me in Maeintz |
Worth seeing
- Crucifixion group in the churchyard.
- Remnants of the late Gothic rood screen with fish bubble tracery from the church that was demolished in 1739. Set into the east wall opposite the rectory.
literature
- Christian Rauch: The art monuments in the people's state of Hesse - Bingen district. Hessischer Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1934.
- Hall guard, Andreas: From the history of the church and parish St. Kilian - St. Remigius in Ingelheim. Catholic parish of St. Remigius, Ingelheim (ed.). Ingelheim 1958.
- Catholic parish of St. Remigius, Ingelheim (ed.): St. Remigius Ingelheim am Rhein in the past and present. Ingelheim, 1961
Web links
Remarks
- ↑ New important find - Early medieval baptismal font discovered at St. Remigius Church in Ingelheim. In: Mainzer Bistumsnachrichten No. 24, July 3, 2013. Episcopal Press Office Mainz, accessed on October 21, 2017 .
- ↑ Hartmut Geißler: The Remigius Church in Nieder-Ingelheim. Historical Association Ingelheim e. V., accessed on October 21, 2017 .
- ↑ Earliest Merovingian church foundation excavations in Ingelheim-St. Remigius surprise with new findings. In: Mainzer Bistumsnachrichten No. 9, March 6, 2013. Episcopal Press Office Mainz, accessed on October 21, 2017 .
- ↑ Böhmer-Ottenthal, RI I 1 n. 768
- ↑ RI I n. 768, Ludwig the Pious, 822 dec. 19, Franconofurd: Regesta Imperii. In: Regesta Imperii Online. Academy of Sciences and Literature, Mainz, accessed on October 21, 2017 .
- ↑ https://stadtarchiv.heilbronn.de/stadtgeschichte/geschichte-az/e/ersterwaehnung.html
- ↑ Hartmut Geißler: St. Remigius and St. Kilian - a single church with double patronage or two different churches? Historischer Verein Ingelheim eV, accessed on October 21, 2017 .
- ^ Hartmut Geißler: Medieval church property in Ingelheim. Historischer Verein Ingelheim eV, accessed on October 21, 2017 .
- ↑ Hartmut Geißler: The Remigius Church in Nieder-Ingelheim. Historischer Verein Ingelheim eV, accessed on October 21, 2017 .
Coordinates: 49 ° 58 '34.5 " N , 8 ° 3' 54.8" E